A proteomics analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carotenoids on the skin coloration of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) fed diets with different carotenoids for 9 weeks. The diet without carotenoids supplementation was used as the control group (CD). Based on the CD, the other four experimental diets were supplemented with 80 mg/kg of astaxanthin (AST80), 80 mg/kg of xanthophyll (X80), 40 mg/kg of astaxanthin and 40 mg/kg of xanthophyll (AST40 + X40), and 80 mg/kg of astaxanthin and 80 mg/kg of xanthophyll (AST80 + X80), respectively. Results showed that the growth performance, feed utilization, pH, water‐holding capacity, and texture in the muscle of large yellow croaker were not significantly affected. No significant differences were observed in redness (a*) of dorsal skin among all the groups. Nevertheless, the redness values of ventral skin in groups with dietary carotenoids supplementation were higher than that in the control group. The yellowness (b*) of dorsal and ventral skin was significantly enhanced in dietary carotenoid‐supplemented groups compared with CD group except for dorsal skin in the AST80 group. After astaxanthin or xanthophyll administration, the carotenoid contents in dorsal and ventral skin were significantly increased. After the proteomics analysis of the skin, 444 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and 352 DEPs have been found between AST80 and CD, and X80 and CD, respectively. The proteomics results showed that dietary carotenoids influenced the expression of myosin heavy chain, ribosomal proteins, metal iron binding related proteins, oxygen transporter activity associated proteins, lipid transport proteins and immune‐related proteins. The skin coloration of large yellow croaker might be directly regulated by myosin proteins and ribosomal proteins, such as 40S ribosomal protein S21 (RPS21), 60S ribosomal protein L23a (RPL23a), RPL24 and RPL27, which were induced by astaxanthin and xanthophyll.

中文翻译：

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饲喂不同饮食类胡萝卜素的大黄鱼黄La皮肤肤色的蛋白质组学分析。

进行了蛋白质组学分析，以研究饮食类胡萝卜素对饲喂不同类胡萝卜素的大黄鱼（Larimichthys crocea）饮食中皮肤色泽持续9周的影响。不添加类胡萝卜素的饮食作为对照组（CD）。根据CD，在其他四个实验饮食中补充了80 mg / kg的虾青素（AST80），80 mg / kg的叶黄素（X80），40 mg / kg的虾青素和40 mg / kg的叶黄素（AST40 + X40 ）和80 mg / kg的虾青素和80 mg / kg的叶黄素（AST80 + X80）。结果表明，大型黄花鱼的生长性能，饲料利用率，pH，保水能力和肌肉质地没有受到显着影响。没有观察到发红的显着差异（a *组中的背面皮肤）。尽管如此，补充饮食类胡萝卜素的组腹侧皮肤的红度值仍高于对照组。黄度（b *饮食类胡萝卜素补充组中，背侧和腹侧皮肤显着增强，而CD组除外AST80组中的背侧皮肤。施用虾青素或叶黄素后，背侧和腹侧皮肤中的类胡萝卜素含量显着增加。在对皮肤进行了蛋白质组学分析后，分别在AST80和CD之间以及X80和CD之间发现了444种差异表达蛋白（DEP）和352种DEP。蛋白质组学结果表明，饮食类胡萝卜素影响肌球蛋白重链，核糖体蛋白，金属铁结合相关蛋白，氧转运蛋白活性相关蛋白，脂质转运蛋白和免疫相关蛋白的表达。大黄鱼的皮肤颜色可能直接受肌球蛋白和核糖体蛋白的调节，