Background

Research has suggested that smokers who quit smoking and continue to identify themselves as a smoker versus a non-smoker are at greater risk of relapse. This study examines the relationship between post-quit smoker identities and relapse risk of former smokers in Australia and the UK comparing those who still identified as a smoker with firm choice to no longer smoke versus those not expressing a firm choice. Cross-country differences were examined.

Methods

Data analysed came from 544 former smokers (quit 1 month or more) who participated in the Australian and UK Waves 9 (2013) and 10 (2014) of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) surveys. Post-quit smoker identities were assessed at baseline and smoking relapse at follow-up.

Results

Baseline self-reported smoker identity independently predicted smoking relapse at 12-month follow-up (p < .01). Compared with the subgroup who identified themselves as smokers trying to quit, those who identified themselves as smokers who had chosen to no longer smoke (OR = 0.01, 95% CI = 0.01–0.25, p < .001), ex-smokers (OR = 0.05, CI = 0.01–0.25, p < .001) or non-smokers (OR = 0.07, CI = 0.02–0.37, p < .001) were less likely to relapse at follow-up. No cross-country differences were found.

Conclusions

Following quitting, smokers who maintained a smoker identity with a firm choice to no longer smoke or adopted a non-smoker or ex-smoker identity were less likely to relapse than those who failed to do so, suggesting that a clear rule/commitment to not smoke and/or a shift to a non-smoking identity may be protective of relapse.

中文翻译：

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戒烟后什么样的吸烟身份会增加吸烟者复吸的风险？

背景

研究表明，戒烟并继续将自己认定为吸烟者与不吸烟者相比，吸烟者复发的风险更大。这项研究检查了澳大利亚和英国戒烟后吸烟者身份与前吸烟者复吸风险之间的关系，比较了那些仍然被确定为吸烟者并坚决选择不再吸烟的人与那些没有表示坚定选择的人。检查了跨国差异。

方法

分析的数据来自 544 名参加过澳大利亚和英国第 9 波（2013 年）和第 10 波（2014 年）国际烟草控制 (ITC) 调查的前吸烟者（戒烟 1 个月或更长时间）。在基线和随访时评估戒烟后吸烟者的身份。

结果

基线自我报告的吸烟者身份独立预测了 12 个月随访时的吸烟复发情况 ( p  < .01)。与将自己确定为试图戒烟的吸烟者的亚组相比，那些将自己确定为选择不再吸烟 的吸烟者（OR = 0.01，95% CI = 0.01–0.25，p < .001）、曾经吸烟者（OR = 0.05，CI = 0.01–0.25，p  < .001）或不吸烟者（OR = 0.07，CI = 0.02–0.37，p  < .001）在随访时复发的可能性较小。没有发现跨国差异。

结论

戒烟后，保持吸烟者身份并坚定选择不再吸烟或采用非吸烟者或前吸烟者身份的吸烟者比没有这样做的人更不容易复发，这表明有明确的规则/承诺不吸烟吸烟和/或转变为不吸烟的身份可能会防止复发。