Abstract The present work aims at investigating the correlations between friction, wear and particle matter emission in copper-containing and copper-free automotive friction materials with particular emphasis on the effect of the scorching treatment. The tribological tests have been conducted using pin-on-disc laboratory equipment, and the airborne particles were measured in terms of number and mass. The results indicate that the number concentration of the airborne particles correlates well with friction coefficient, whereas their mass correlates better with the system wear rate. In addition, the copper-free material displayed a lower friction and wear and lower emissions than the copper-full. For this material, scorching was also found to reduce the friction coefficient, wear rate and emissions with respect to the pristine un-scorched condition, whereas no similar effects were found for the copper-full material. The results are discussed considering the characteristics and relevant role of the friction layers forming onto the pin surface.

中文翻译：

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焦化处理对含铜和不含铜摩擦材料磨损排放行为的影响

摘要 目前的工作旨在研究含铜和无铜汽车摩擦材料的摩擦、磨损和颗粒物排放之间的相关性，特别强调焦烧处理的效果。摩擦学测试是使用针盘式实验室设备进行的，并根据数量和质量测量了空气中的颗粒。结果表明，空气中颗粒的数量浓度与摩擦系数有很好的相关性，而它们的质量与系统磨损率的相关性更好。此外，与全铜材料相比，无铜材料显示出更低的摩擦和磨损以及更低的排放。对于这种材料，与原始未烧焦的条件相比，还发现烧焦可降低摩擦系数、磨损率和排放，而对于全铜材料没有发现类似的影响。考虑到形成在销表面上的摩擦层的特性和相关作用，对结果进行了讨论。