The voltage regulation of a dc-bus by charging/discharging a battery is required for different applications like microgrids and electric vehicles. However, most of the charging/discharging systems reported in scientific literature provide discontinuous currents to the battery or the dc-bus and use linear controllers. This paper proposes a charging/discharging system to regulate the voltage of a dc-bus, which is formed by a Cuk converter and a sliding-mode controller. The Cuk converter provides continuous currents for the battery and the dc-bus, while the controller guarantees the system stability and fast dynamic response for all the operating conditions. The paper includes the transversality, reachability, and equivalent control analysis of the proposed controller as well as a design procedure of the converter and the sliding-mode controller. Additionally, the controller implementation and hysteresis band design are also introduced. The proposed system is simulated in PSIM and the results validate the design procedures and show that the proposed system satisfies the design requirements. Moreover, the results show the capacity of the proposed system to regulate the dc-bus with voltages less or greater than the battery voltage with a single sliding-mode controller.

对于微电网和电动汽车等不同应用，需要通过对电池充电/放电来调节直流总线的电压。但是，科学文献中报道的大多数充电/放电系统都会向电池或直流母线提供不连续的电流，并使用线性控制器。本文提出了一种充电/放电系统来调节直流总线的电压，该系统由Cuk转换器和滑模控制器组成。Cuk转换器为电池和直流母线提供连续电流，而控制器则保证了系统在所有工作条件下的稳定性和快速的动态响应。本文包括拟议控制器的横向性，可达性和等效控制分析，以及转换器和滑模控制器的设计程序。此外，还介绍了控制器的实现和磁滞带设计。在PSIM中对提出的系统进行了仿真，结果验证了设计过程，表明所提出的系统满足设计要求。此外，结果表明，所提出的系统具有使用单个滑模控制器调节小于或大于电池电压的直流总线的能力。