Chilli (Capsicum annum L.) is well known as ‘wonder spice’. This is a very valuable cash crop grown as a vegetable globally. Chilli leaf curl disease is a major threat and global concern for the cultivation of Chilli by farmers and growers. In this work, the molecular diagnosis, genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationship, and begomovirus association with Chilli leaf curl disease have been discussed. The infected leaves were randomly harvested from the Chilli field, at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A group of begomovirus vector, whiteflies were also observed on the Chilli crop and infected weeds growing in the neighboring field. The begomovirus was confirmed by coat protein gene specific primer, dot blot hybridization, sequencing and sequence analysis. The full coat protein gene was found to have 774 nucleotides. The nucleotide sequences analysis shared the highest identity with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus reported earlier infecting tomato from Saudi Arabia, and the lowest identity was observed with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Oman isolate. The overall sequence identity ranged from more than ninety percent among the analyzed sequences. The phylogenetic relationship analysis formed the major three clusters and showed the closed clustering with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus isolates. The natural spread of the Tomato yellow leaf curl virus on the Chilli crop from other crops poses an important and serious threat to Chili cultivation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Based on the literature review and current evidence, this is the first report of leaf curl disease of Chilli from Saudi Arabia.

辣椒（辣椒）L.）是众所周知的“神奇香料”。这是在全球范围内作为蔬菜种植的非常有价值的经济作物。辣椒卷叶病是农民和种植者种植辣椒的主要威胁，也是全球关注的问题。在这项工作中，讨论了与辣椒叶片卷曲病的分子诊断，遗传多样性，系统发育关系以及begomovirus关联。受感染的叶子是从沙特阿拉伯吉达的辣椒田随机收获的。在辣椒作物上也观察到了一组begomovirus载体粉虱，并且在附近田间生长着被感染的杂草。通过外壳蛋白基因特异性引物，斑点印迹杂交，测序和序列分析证实了begomovirus。发现全外壳蛋白基因具有774个核苷酸。核苷酸序列分析与较早报道的来自沙特阿拉伯的番茄感染的番茄黄叶卷曲病毒具有最高的同一性，而番茄黄叶卷曲病毒阿曼分离物则具有最低的同一性。在所分析的序列中，总体序列​​同一性在百分之九十以上。系统发育关系分析形成了主要的三个簇，并显示与番茄黄叶卷曲病毒分离株的紧密簇。番茄黄叶卷曲病毒在其他农作物的辣椒作物上的自然传播对沙特阿拉伯王国的辣椒种植构成了重要而严重的威胁。根据文献综述和现有证据，这是沙特阿拉伯辣椒的卷叶病的首次报道。