BACKGROUND Post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) is associated with poorer quality of life, higher mortality, and greater health expenditures. We are unaware of any published reports on the frequency of and factors associated with PSE in Africa. PURPOSE To assess the frequency and factors associated with PSE among Ghanaian stroke survivors. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of consecutive stroke survivors seen at an out-patient Neurology clinic enrolled into a stroke registry at a tertiary medical center in Ghana between January 2018 and March 2020. We collected baseline demographic and clinical details including diagnosis of post-stroke epilepsy, anti-epileptic medications, presence, treatment and control of vascular risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to identify factors associated with PSE. RESULTS Of 1101 stroke patients encountered, 126 had PSE (frequency of 11.4%; 95% CI of 9.6-13.5%). Mean (± SD) age among PSE vs. non-PSE patients was 57.7 (± 15.2) vs. 58.7 (± 13.9) years. Factors independently associated with PSE were being male (aOR 1.94; 95% CI: 1.32-2.86), cortical ischemic strokes (1.79; 1.12-2.87), blood pressure > 130/80 mmHg (OR 2.26; 1.06-4.79), use of antihypertensive treatment (OR 0.43; 0.23-0.79). There was an inverted J-shaped curve association between number of classes of antihypertensive drugs prescribed and occurrence of PSE, with the lowest inflection point at 3 classes (OR 0.34; 0.17-0.68). CONCLUSION In this convenience sample of ambulatory Ghanaian stroke survivors, one in ten had PSE. Further investigations to confirm and clarify the associations between the identified demographic and clinical characteristics are warranted.

中文翻译：

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加纳中风幸存者中风后癫痫的患病率和预测因素

背景中风后癫痫 (PSE) 与较差的生活质量、较高的死亡率和较高的医疗支出相关。我们不知道关于非洲 PSE 频率和相关因素的任何已发表报告。目的 评估加纳卒中幸存者中与 PSE 相关的频率和因素。方法 我们对 2018 年 1 月至 2020 年 3 月期间在加纳三级医疗中心登记在卒中登记处的神经科门诊就诊的连续卒中幸存者进行了横断面研究。我们收集了基线人口统计学和临床​​详细信息，包括后遗症的诊断。 - 中风癫痫、抗癫痫药物、血管危险因素的存在、治疗和控制。构建多变量逻辑回归模型以识别与 PSE 相关的因素。结果 在遇到的 1101 名中风患者中，126 名患有 PSE（频率为 11.4%；95% CI 为 9.6-13.5%）。PSE 与非 PSE 患者的平均 (± SD) 年龄为 57.7 (± 15.2) 岁和 58.7 (± 13.9) 岁。与 PSE 独立相关的因素是男性（aOR 1.94；95% CI：1.32-2.86）、皮质缺血性卒中（1.79；1.12-2.87）、血压 > 130/80 mmHg（OR 2.26；1.06-4.79）、使用抗高血压治疗（OR 0.43；0.23-0.79）。处方降压药的类别数与 PSE 的发生之间存在倒 J 形曲线关联，最低拐点为 3 个类别（OR 0.34；0.17-0.68）。结论 在这个方便的加纳中风非卧床幸存者样本中，十分之一的人患有 PSE。