The aim of this work is to prepare and characterize a series of bio-polyurethane foams (Bio-PUFs) based on renewably sourced polyols in order to increase their ecological potential, while maintaining their properties. Polyurethane foams (PUFs) were obtained using two sunflower based-polyols (SF-P1 and SF-P2) with different hydroxyl numbers synthesized through the acid-catalyzed ring-opening of epoxidized sunflower oil (ESFO) and subsequent partial reduction of the ethylenic linkages to give hydroxyl moieties. These SF-Ps were applied for replacement of petrochemical polyol Confort P0010 with a mass fraction of SF-P in the range of 40–100%. The resins were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Their solution viscosity and thermal behavior were investigated. The obtained SF-Ps were reacted with diisocianates to yield PUFs at a fixed NCO index. Several experiments were conducted by varying the amounts of polyols, isocyanate, catalysts, and surfactants until acceptable foams were obtained. The structures of the obtained PUFs were confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphology, the apparent density, the thermal behavior (thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry), and the thermal conductivity of the PUFs were investigated. The study showed that it is possible to substitute petrochemical polyols by the addition of SF-P to achieve PUFs with desirable properties. It was found that the mixing of SF-Ps in formulations influences especially the thermal and morphological properties, and increases the end product renewable material content. The highest renewable material content showed SF-PUFs (reaching 76%) since the renewable material content in SF-P is high (~ 92%). As a result of the SF-Ps loading in the range of 40–100% the PUFs change from flexible to semi-flexible structures. Furthermore, they become denser and exhibit numerous cell shapes, such as semi-open cells and closed cells.

这项工作的目的是基于可再生来源的多元醇制备和表征一系列生物聚氨酯泡沫（Bio-PUF），以增加其生态潜力，同时保持其性能。聚氨酯泡沫（PUF）使用两种不同的向日葵基多元醇（SF-P1和SF-P2）获得，它们是通过酸催化环氧化向日葵油（ESFO）的开环并随后部分还原烯键而合成的，具有不同的羟基数产生羟基部分。这些SF-P用于替换石油化学多元醇Confort P0010，其SF-P的质量分数在40-100％的范围内。通过傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱对树脂进行表征。研究了它们的溶液粘度和热行为。使获得的SF-P与二异氰酸酯反应，以固定的NCO指数产生PUF。通过改变多元醇，异氰酸酯，催化剂和表面活性剂的量进行几次实验，直到获得可接受的泡沫为止。通过FTIR光谱和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）确认了获得的PUF的结构。研究了PUF的形态，表观密度，热行为（热重分析和差示扫描量热法）以及热导率。研究表明，通过添加SF-P可以替代石油化学多元醇，从而获得具有所需性能的PUF。发现配方中SF-Ps的混合尤其影响热学和形态学特性，并增加了最终产品可再生材料的含量。可再生材料含量最高的是SF-PUF（达到76％），因为SF-P中的可再生材料含量很高（约92％）。由于SF-P的载荷范围为40％至100％，PUF从柔性结构变为半柔性结构。此外，它们变得更致密并表现出许多孔的形状，例如半开孔和闭孔。