Formulating biochar-based nitrogen fertilisers from charred livestock manure and urea, the two largest emitters of ammonia (NH₃) may help to abate particulate matter emitted from agricultural operations. However, animal manure biochar inadequately retains carbon, thus impairing its primary role of carbon sequestration. Co-pyrolysis of animal manure with phosphorus (P) may improve quality of the biochar, but with the phosphate rock reserves expected to vanish soon, a shift to renewable P sources is desirable. Bone waste is laden with P and can be a viable replacement of the phosphate rock. In the current study, we assessed the efficiency of bone waste as a P source in the co-pyrolysis of cow dung and quantified the NH₃ emitting potentials of the biochar-based urea and UHP fertilisers formulated with the co-pyrolysed biochar. Co-pyrolysis of cow dung with bone waste increased yield and carbon retentions of biochar and boosted biochar’s capacity to attenuate NH₃ emissions. UHP fertilisers formulated from the co-pyrolysed biochar lessened NH₃ evolutions by as high as 85.93% and were more effective in reducing NH₃ volatilisations than co-pyrolysed biochar-based urea fertilisers.

由烧焦的牲畜粪便和尿素配制基于生物碳的氮肥，这两个最大的氨（NH ₃）排放源可能有助于减少农业生产中排放的颗粒物。但是，动物粪便中的生物炭不能充分保留碳，因此削弱了其固碳的主要作用。将动物粪肥与磷（P）共热解可以改善生物炭的质量，但是随着磷酸盐岩储量有望很快消失，向可再生P来源的转移是可取的。骨废料中富含P，可以替代磷矿石。在当前的研究中，我们评估了牛粪共热解中骨废料作为P源的效率，并定量了NH ₃与共热解生物炭配制的生物炭基尿素和UHP肥料的排放潜力。牛粪与骨废料的共热解提高了生物炭的产量和碳保留量，并提高了生物炭减弱NH ₃排放的能力。由共热解生物炭制成的UHP肥料与基于共热解生物炭的尿素肥料相比，最多可减少85.93％的NH ₃释放，并且在减少NH ₃挥发方面更有效。