Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in the aquatic environment pertaining to the COVID-19 pandemic has been a global concern. Though SARS-CoV-2 is known as a respiratory virus, its detection in faecal matter and wastewater demonstrates its enteric involvement resulting in vulnerable aquatic environment. Here, we provide the latest updates on wastewater-based epidemiology, which is gaining interest in the current situation as a unique tool of surveillance and monitoring of the disease. Transport pathways with its migration through wastewater to surface and subsurface waters, probability of infectivity and ways of inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 are discussed in detail. Epidemiological models, especially compartmental projections, have been explained with an emphasis on its limitation and the assumptions on which the future predictions of disease propagation are based. Besides, this review covers various predictive models to track and project disease spread in the future and gives an insight into the probability of a future outbreak of the disease.

与 COVID-19 大流行相关的水生环境中 SARS-CoV-2 的流行一直是全球关注的问题。尽管 SARS-CoV-2 被称为呼吸道病毒，但在粪便和废水中检测到它表明它涉及肠道，导致水生环境脆弱。在这里，我们提供基于废水的流行病学的最新更新，作为疾病监测和监测的独特工具，这种流行病学正在引起人们对当前形势的兴趣。详细讨论了 SARS-CoV-2 通过废水迁移到地表水和地下水的传输途径、传染性概率以及灭活方式。流行病学模型，特别是区室预测，已得到解释，重点是其局限性以及未来疾病传播预测所依据的假设。此外，这篇综述涵盖了各种预测模型，用于跟踪和预测未来疾病的传播，并深入了解该疾病未来爆发的可能性。