Abstract The applicability of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry has been examined for determination titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles in industrial wastewater samples. The extraction and preconcentration of the nanoparticles were achieved using ligandless ultrasound-assisted surfactant-based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. Under optimized conditions, the developed method had limits of detection (LOD) of 2.7 ng L−1 for Ti and 3.6 ng L−1 for Zn resulting from dissolved TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles. The relative standard deviation values for intraday precision were 2.5% and 3.1% for TiO2 and ZnO, while the interday precision was 4.5% and 5.0%. Percentage recoveries ranging from 98% to 100% were obtained. Finally, the applicability of the method was examined by analyzing spiked samples and wastewater samples collected from textile, cosmetic and paint industries.

中文翻译：

---

使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法定量废水中的 TiO2 和 ZnO 纳米颗粒

摘要 已经检验了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法用于测定工业废水样品中的二氧化钛和氧化锌纳米颗粒的适用性。纳米颗粒的提取和预浓缩是使用无配体超声辅助表面活性剂的分散液-液微萃取实现的。在优化条件下，所开发方法的检测限 (LOD) 为 Ti 的 2.7 ng L-1 和 3.6 ng L-1 的 Zn，由溶解的 TiO2 和 ZnO 纳米粒子产生。TiO2 和 ZnO 的日内精密度的相对标准偏差值为 2.5% 和 3.1%，而日间精密度为 4.5% 和 5.0%。获得了从 98% 到 100% 的百分比回收率。最后，