A transition metal catalyzed alkylation with an alkyl halide is one of the most difficult reactions to achieve, because of the difficult oxidative addition of an alkyl‐halogen bond to a metal, and the tendency of the resulting alkylmetal intermediate to undergo a β‐hydride elimination reaction to give an olefin. In this review, we discuss hybrid reaction systems involving Cu catalyzed combination of radicals and organometallic species, which enable facile alkylation reactions to construct C−C and C‐heteroatom bonds. This paper highlights recent progress in arylation, alkenylation, alkynylation, cyclization, addition and introduction of heteroatoms via these hybrid reaction systems.

中文翻译：

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铜与自由基和有机金属物种耦合作用的烷基化化合物合成反应体系

过渡金属催化的卤代烷烷基化是最难完成的反应之一，因为烷基卤键难以与金属发生氧化加成反应，并且所得烷基金属中间体容易发生β-氢化物消除反应得到烯烃。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了涉及Cu催化的自由基与有机金属物种组合的混合反应系统，该系统能够轻松进行烷基化反应以构建CC和C-杂原子键。本文重点介绍了通过这些杂化反应系统在芳基化，烯基化，炔基化，环化，添加和引入杂原子方面的最新进展。