The development of synthetic protocols to access architectures with broad structural and functional diversity from readily available starting materials is very attractive in both organic and medicinal chemistry fields. Toward this objective, the multifunctional isatin‐derived Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman (MBH) adducts provide opportunities to construct a variety of complex scaffolds containing a “privileged” oxindole motif through several catalytic pathways. By forming the ammonium or phosphonium salts with Lewis bases, isatin‐derived MBH adducts can undergo allylic substitutions with a range of nucleophiles, usually in a S_N2′‐S_N2′ pattern. Besides, assisted by Brønsted bases, the corresponding onium salts can be converted into the allylic ylide intermediates, which can undergo various annulation reactions or even 1,3‐difunctionalizations. Moreover, recent cooperative catalysis of Lewis bases and transition metal complexes further puts forward the application of isatin‐derived MBH adducts. This tutorial review covers the significant transformations of isatin‐derived MBH adducts, mostly in an asymmetric version, catalyzed by various Lewis bases over the past decade.

中文翻译：

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Lewis碱催化的Isatins修饰的Morita-Baylis-Hillman加合物的转化

在有机和药物化学领域中，开发易于使用的起始材料以访问具有广泛结构和功能多样性的体系结构的合成方案，在有机化学和药物化学领域都非常具有吸引力。为了实现这一目标，多功能的衍生自伊斯兰教的Morita-Baylis-Hillman（MBH）加合物提供了通过多种催化途径构建各种包含“特权”羟吲哚基序的复杂支架的机会。通过与Lewis碱形成铵盐或phospho盐，基于伊斯兰的MBH加合物可以被一系列亲核试剂进行烯丙基取代，通常在S _N 2'-S _N中2'模式。此外，在布朗斯台德碱的辅助下，相应的鎓盐可以转化为烯丙基叶立德中间体，该中间体可以经历各种环化反应或什至1,3-双官能化。此外，最近路易斯碱和过渡金属配合物的协同催化作用进一步提出了衍生自靛红的MBH加合物的应用。本教程复习涵盖了过去十年来，由各种Lewis碱催化的衍生自伊斯兰的MBH加合物的重大转变，大部分为不对称形式。