The nano‐oxide materials with special structures prepared by template methods have a good dispersion, regular structures and high specific surface areas. Therefore, in some areas, improved properties are observed than conventional bulk oxide materials. For example, in the treatment of dye wastewater, the treatment efficiency of adsorbents and catalytic materials prepared by template method was about 30 % or even higher than that of conventional samples. This review mainly focuses on the progress of inorganic, organic and biological templates in the preparation of micro‐ and nano‐ oxide materials with special morphologies, and the roles of the prepared materials as adsorbents and photocatalysts in dye wastewater treatment. The characteristics and advantages of inorganic, organic and biological template are also summarized. In addition, the applications of template method prepared oxides in the field of sensors, drug carrier, energy materials and other fields are briefly discussed with detailed examples.

中文翻译：

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模板制备的纳米氧化物及其应用的进展：污水处理，能量，传感和生物医学药物输送

通过模板法制备的具有特殊结构的纳米氧化物材料具有良好的分散性，规则的结构和较高的比表面积。因此，在某些区域，观察到比常规的块状氧化物材料更好的性能。例如，在染料废水的处理中，通过模板法制备的吸附剂和催化材料的处理效率约为常规样品的30％甚至更高。这篇综述主要关注无机，有机和生物模板在制备具有特殊形貌的微和纳米氧化物材料方面的进展，以及所制备的材料在染料废水处理中作为吸附剂和光催化剂的作用。总结了无机，有机和生物模板的特点和优势。此外，