In recent years, integrating biological components in analytical instruments especially in biomedical research has become a prerequisite for early diagnosis of many diseases. It is well known that the material properties (electrical and physical) of CNTs is very sensitive to be affected by exposure to biomolecules and this led to the investigation by many researchers. Though the CNT-based biosensors has been widely used due their better performance, it still has many practical concerns in application. For the successful commercialization of the concept of CNT-based biosensors, many hurdles need to overcome. Modifications on CNT biosensors have experienced a dramatic change with outstanding developments. The present article provides an overview on the recent development in CNT biosensors and comprehensive analysis was given on various ways to improve the performance of CNT with new designs. In addition, some of the practical applications and concerns in the field are addressed. The scientific and technological challenges in the field are discussed in the conclusion.

近年来，将生物成分整合到分析仪器中，特别是在生物医学研究中，已成为早期诊断许多疾病的先决条件。众所周知，碳纳米管的材料特性（电学和物理性质）非常敏感，容易受到生物分子暴露的影响，这导致许多研究人员进行了研究。尽管基于CNT的生物传感器由于其更好的性能而被广泛使用，但是在应用中仍然存在许多实际问题。为了成功地将基于CNT的生物传感器的概念商业化，需要克服许多障碍。CNT生物传感器的改进经历了巨大的变化，并取得了令人瞩目的发展。本文概述了CNT生物传感器的最新发展，并对采用新设计提高CNT性能的各种方法进行了综合分析。此外，还解决了该领域的一些实际应用和问题。结论中讨论了该领域的科学技术挑战。