Teinturier cultivars of grape (Vitis vinifera) accumulate anthocyanins in both the skin and pulp of grape berries. RNA-seq and HPLC/MS were used to elucidate the mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in whole grape berries of a new source of teinturier germplasm, ZhongShan-HongYu (ZS-HY). Berries were sampled at 3 days after anthesis (3 DAA, green-pulp), 6 days after anthesis (6 DAA, pulp-veraison), 22 days after anthesis (22 DAA, pulp-half-colored), and at maturity (77 DAA). Results indicated that total anthocyanin levels increased with berry development. The relative content of anthocyanins was different in the pulp vs. skin. Besides, Pelargonidin-3-O-monoglucoside, which unable to be produced in most varieties of Vitis vinifera, was detected in ZS-HY. RNA-seq analysis result that a total of 56 candidate genes, including 30 structural and 26 regulatory genes, were identified that putatively participate in biosynthesis pathway of anthocyanins in ZS-HY. A KEGG analysis indicated that photosynthesis – antenna proteins and photosynthesis, which is significantly enriched in response to light, is proposed to be responsible for the regulation of anthocyanin production in teinturier grapes by light. The present study provides the first transcriptomic analysis of teinturier grapes and provides a foundation for further studies that will assist in the breeding of high-quality teinturier grapes.

葡萄（Vitis vinifera）的Teinturier品种在葡萄浆果的果皮和果肉中均积累花青素。RNA-seq和HPLC / MS阐明了teinturier种质新来源中山红玉（ZS-HY）的整个葡萄浆果中花色苷的生物合成机理。在开花后3天（3 DAA，果肉），开花后6天（6 DAA，果肉变色），开花后22天（22 DAA，果肉半色）和成熟（77）取样浆果DAA）。结果表明，总花青素水平随着浆果的发育而增加。果肉和皮肤中花色苷的相对含量不同。此外，大多数葡萄品种中都无法生产出Pelargonidin-3- O -monoglucoside在ZS-HY中检测到。RNA-seq分析结果表明，总共鉴定出56个候选基因，其中包括30个结构基因和26个调控基因，这些基因可能参与了ZS-HY中花色苷的生物合成途径。KEGG分析表明，光合作用–天线蛋白质和光合作用在光的响应下显着丰富，被认为是光调节teinturier葡萄中花色苷产量的原因。本研究提供了teinturier葡萄的第一个转录组分析，并为进一步研究提供了基础，这些研究将有助于优质teinturier葡萄的育种。