The commercialisation of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) has been hampered by the high cost of platinum metal. Due to its high durability and catalytic activity, platinum is widely used to catalyse the oxygen reduction and hydrogen oxidation reactions essential to the operation of these cells. Core@shell nanoparticles with thin layers of platinum deposited on cores composed of cheaper materials have offered an attractive route towards the reduction of overall loading of platinum, with the retention of active catalyst surface area. This review surveys approaches taken to prepare idealised active and durable core@shell nanocatalysts by tweaking core compositions. A critical reflection on the current status of the field, as well as predictions as to likely directions for future developments, are discussed as a conclusion to the review.

高分子电解质燃料电池（PEFC）的商业化已因铂金属的高成本而受到阻碍。由于其高耐久性和催化活性，铂被广泛用于催化这些电池的运行必不可少的氧还原反应和氢氧化反应。由廉价材料组成的芯上沉积有铂薄层的核壳纳米粒子为降低铂的总载量和保留活性催化剂表面积提供了一条有吸引力的途径。这篇综述调查了通过调整核心组成来制备理想的活性和耐用核壳纳米催化剂的方法。作为对该评估的结论，讨论了对该领域当前状况的批判性反思以及对未来发展可能方向的预测。