Geopolymers are inorganic polymers which can be produced by the reaction of aluminium silicate oxides and alkaline silicates in an alkaline medium. Nowadays, silicate bearing wastes, such as fly ash or slag and other by-products of power stations are very common raw materials for geopolymers.

In our research a lignite type fly ash was mechanically activated in a high energy density mill (HEM) for different retention time, and geopolymer specimens were produced from these materials. After determining the optimal fly ash fineness, the concentration and composition of the alkaline activator solution were also investigated. The highest compressive strength was reached using fly ash with 2 m²/g specific surface area, activated with a mixture of Na-K silicate (water glass) and NaOH solution. The total dosage of alkaline activators to the fly ash was 40 m/m%, the NaOH activator of 12 M solution represented 25 m/m%, while Na-K silicate 75 m/m%. Then, the leaching properties of the main components and the mobility of toxic elements of the produced geopolymers were tested in distilled water, 1M acetic acid and 1M hydrochloric acid as well. The lowest mobility of the elements was obtained in most cases by the activator containing 100m/m% Na-K silicate solution (water glass) using the mechanically activated fly ash.

地质聚合物是无机聚合物，其可以通过硅酸铝氧化物和碱性硅酸盐在碱性介质中的反应来生产。如今，含硅酸盐的废物，例如粉煤灰或矿渣以及发电站的其他副产品，是非常常见的地聚合物原料。

在我们的研究中，褐煤型粉煤灰在高能量密度磨机（HEM）中被机械活化了不同的保留时间，并用这些材料制成了地聚合物标本。在确定最佳粉煤灰细度后，还研究了碱性活化剂溶液的浓度和组成。使用2 m ^2的粉煤灰可达到最高的抗压强度/ g比表面积，用Na-K硅酸盐（水玻璃）和NaOH溶液的混合物活化。粉煤灰中碱性活化剂的总剂量为40 m / m％，12 M溶液的NaOH活化剂为25 m / m％，而Na-K硅酸盐为75 m / m％。然后，在蒸馏水，1M乙酸和1M盐酸中测试了主要成分的浸出性能和有毒元素在生产的地质聚合物中的流动性。在大多数情况下，使用机械活化的粉煤灰，通过含有100m / m％的Na-K硅酸盐溶液（水玻璃）的活化剂，可以获得最低的元素迁移率。