This paper highlights the importance of approaching the energy poverty problem considering the income perspective. This approach is based on the economic analysis of the relationship between energy poverty, energy consumption and elements linked to household income. Robust conclusions are presented from the empirical analysis of statistical data to quantify and diagnose the problem of energy poverty in Spain, using econometric tools. Likewise, the relative importance of household income in the energy poverty problem is evaluated. The results reinforce the idea that energy poverty should be addressed, preferably, through the general social protection system, and that mechanisms to protect vulnerable consumers should be developed within the framework of the general welfare system. Conclusions emphasize the need for a profound deliberation on how to address energy poverty with cross-cutting public policies that, in addition to the elements directly linked to energy policy, act on the main determinants of energy poverty, fundamentally linked, directly or indirectly, to the income of households.

本文着重从收入的角度探讨解决能源贫困问题的重要性。该方法基于对能源贫困，能源消耗与家庭收入相关因素之间关系的经济分析。通过对计量数据进行实证分析，得出了强有力的结论，以使用计量经济学工具对西班牙的能源贫困问题进行量化和诊断。同样，评估了家庭收入在能源贫困问题中的相对重要性。结果强化了这样一种观念，即应优先通过一般的社会保护制度解决能源贫困问题，并应在一般福利制度的框架内建立保护弱势消费者的机制。