Carriers used in the immobilization process play a major role in enhancing the properties of the biocatalyst. Polymers are used as organic carriers for enzyme immobilization to improve the thermal, chemical, and operational stability of the enzyme. A variety of carriers are used in the immobilization of enzymes, e.g., mica, silica, zeolites, hydrotalcites, activated carbon, gold and magnetic nanoparticles. Silica‐based carriers offer suitable matrices for enzyme immobilization to manufacture industrial products. Immobilization on nanoparticles has become attractive in biocatalytic applications due to the combination of physical, chemical, catalytic, electronic, and optical properties. Gold nanoparticles also have received attention in the preparation of biocatalysts due to the above‐mentioned reasons. Magnetic nanoparticles are used as a carrier since they can be isolated by an external magnetic field, which is of special interest in the synthesis of organic products such as biodiesel. Different carrier materials involved in the immobilization of enzymes are discussed in this paper.

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脂肪酶的固定化-评论。第二部分：载体材料

固定化过程中使用的载体在增强生物催化剂性能方面起着重要作用。聚合物被用作酶固定化的有机载体，以改善酶的热，化学和操作稳定性。多种载体用于固定化酶，例如云母，二氧化硅，沸石，水滑石，活性炭，金和磁性纳米粒子。硅胶载体为酶固定化提供合适的基质，以生产工业产品。由于物理，化学，催化，电子和光学性质的结合，固定在纳米颗粒上在生物催化应用中变得有吸引力。由于上述原因，金纳米颗粒在生物催化剂的制备中也受到关注。磁性纳米颗粒被用作载体，因为它们可以被外部磁场隔离，这在有机产品（如生物柴油）的合成中特别有意义。本文讨论了涉及酶固定化的不同载体材料。