The industrial application of lactic acid is very broad; hence, the high demand is forecasted to multiply in the future. This review presented the major problems for the efficient production of lactic acid from lignocellulose biomass using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and further proposes three promising solutions to solve these problems, exposing their potentials and future research needs. Recombinant cellulolytic strategy in LAB promises a significant reduction of lactic acid production costs, however, extensive research on genetic engineering is still needed. Microwave‐assisted deep eutectic solvent pretreatment is extremely fast and produces little to no harmful by‐products, but it has not been investigated for lactic acid production yet. Continuous simultaneous saccharification and fermentation with enzyme and cell recycle is newly proposed by the authors as a process set up that can solve the problems of feedback‐, substrate‐ and end‐product inhibition while resulting in higher lactic acid productivities, yield, and concentration.

中文翻译：

---

木质纤维素生产乳酸–主要挑战和解决方案的回顾

乳酸的工业应用非常广泛。因此，预计未来高需求将成倍增长。这篇综述提出了使用乳酸菌（LAB）从木质纤维素生物质高效生产乳酸的主要问题，并进一步提出了三种有希望的解决方案来解决这些问题，从而揭示了它们的潜力和未来的研究需求。LAB中的重组纤维素分解策略有望显着降低乳酸生产成本，但是，仍需要对基因工程进行广泛的研究。微波辅助的低共熔溶剂预处理非常快，几乎不产生有害副产物，但尚未对乳酸生产进行过研究。