Controllability of the nanostructures in spinel-type manganese oxide ZnMnGaO 4 by changing cooling rate was studied via transmission electron microscopy (with selected area electron diffraction and bright- and dark-field imaging) as well as X-ray diffraction. The Quench sample exhibited a tweed pattern, suggesting the coexistence of two phases at the nanometer scale. The nanostructural changes from a fine twin structure to a checkerboard nanostructure, followed by the emergence of a lamellar-type nanostructure, were clearly observed as the cooling rate decreased from quenching to 1 °C h −1 . It was suggested that the diffusion of manganese ions accompanied by the Jahn–Teller distortion play an important role in the formation of nanostructures of this system.

中文翻译：

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尖晶石型氧化锰ZnMnGaO 4的冷却速率控制纳米结构

通过透射电子显微镜（选择区域电子衍射，明场和暗场成像）以及X射线衍射研究了尖晶石型氧化锰ZnMnGaO 4中纳米结构通过改变冷却速率的可控性。淬灭样品显示出花呢图案，表明在纳米尺度上两相共存。当冷却速率从淬火速度降​​低到1°C h -1时，可以清楚地观察到从细微孪晶结构到棋盘状纳米结构的纳米结构变化，随后出现了层状纳米结构。有人提出，伴随Jahn-Teller变形的锰离子扩散在该系统纳米结构的形成中起着重要作用。