Time-of-arrival (TOA) based positioning of a user equipment (UE) in asynchronous cellular networks is analyzed. Three different cases of prior knowledge of the UE clock bias statistics are considered. The squared-position error bound (SPEB) for each case is derived as a function of the ideal case SPEB: no UE or base station (BS) clock biases. Analytical relationships between the SPEB of the three studied cases are established. The cumulative density function (cdf) of the SPEB for each case is analyzed numerically via Monte Carlo simulations using stochastic geometry models.

中文翻译：

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使用随机几何模型对异步蜂窝网络中的 TOA 定位进行性能评估

分析了异步蜂窝网络中基于到达时间 (TOA) 的用户设备 (UE) 定位。考虑了 UE 时钟偏差统计的先验知识的三种不同情况。每种情况的平方位置误差界限 (SPEB) 都是根据理想情况 SPEB 得出的：没有 UE 或基站 (BS) 时钟偏差。建立了三个研究案例的SPEB之间的分析关系。使用随机几何模型通过蒙特卡罗模拟对每种情况下 SPEB 的累积密度函数 (cdf) 进行数值分析。