Napping in the workplace has become popular. Knowing how to nap for brain benefits is important. We designed a nap experiment to investigate how napping after different sleep stages impacts procedural memory and sleepiness. In total, 45 nonhabitual nappers were randomly assigned to the Wake group (no napping), N2 group (napping and being woken after enough N2 sleep), and slow-wave sleep (SWS) group (napping and being woken after the end of the first cycle of slow-wave sleep). The results show that the N2 group produces benefits in procedural memory consolidation and sleepiness reduction. In contrast, the SWS group had a lower behavioral performance than the N2 group and their sleepiness. The Wake group had lower performance and higher sleepiness score than the other groups. The results suggest that the ideal napping time is 10–20 min of N2 sleep. Considering that people’s sleep-onset time might be different, we developed a napping time suggestion system using a single-channel electroencephalogram signal. The testing results show that the difference between a 10-min nap of N2 sleep calculated by our system and by an expert is only 0.45 min on average, which demonstrates the feasibility of waking people up at the right time.

中文翻译：

---

一种利用脑电活动推荐午睡时间的方法

在工作场所小睡已经变得流行。知道如何小睡对大脑有益很重要。我们设计了一个午睡实验来研究不同睡眠阶段后的午睡如何影响程序记忆和困倦。总共有 45 名不习惯午睡的人被随机分配到唤醒组（不午睡）、N2 组（午睡并在足够的 N2 睡眠后被唤醒）和慢波睡眠（SWS）组（午睡并在睡眠结束后被唤醒）慢波睡眠的第一个周期）。结果表明，N2 组在程序性记忆巩固和减少困倦方面产生益处。相比之下，SWS 组的行为表现低于 N2 组及其嗜睡。与其他组相比，觉醒组的表现较低，嗜睡评分较高。结果表明，理想的午睡时间是 10-20 分钟的 N2 睡眠。考虑到人们的入睡时间可能不同，我们开发了一种使用单通道脑电信号的小睡时间建议系统。测试结果表明，我们的系统计算出的10分钟N2睡眠与专家计算的平均差异仅为0.45分钟，证明了在正确的时间唤醒人们的可行性。