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How Political is the Spread of COVID-19 in the United States? An Analysis using Transportation and Weather Data
arXiv - CS - Social and Information Networks Pub Date : 2020-09-10 , DOI: arxiv-2009.04612
Karan Vombatkere, Hanjia Lyu, Jiebo Luo

We investigate the difference in the spread of COVID-19 between the states won by Donald Trump (Red) and the states won by Hillary Clinton (Blue) in the 2016 presidential election, by mining transportation patterns of US residents from March 2020 to July 2020. To ensure a fair comparison, we first use a K-means clustering method to group the 50 states into five clusters according to their population, area and population density. We then characterize daily transportation patterns of the residents of different states using the mean percentage of residents traveling and the number of trips per person. For each state, we study the correlations between travel patterns and infection rate for a 2-month period before and after the official states reopening dates. We observe that during the lock-down, Red and Blue states both displayed strong positive correlations between their travel patterns and infection rates. However, after states reopened we find that Red states had higher travel-infection correlations than Blue states in all five state clusters. We find that the residents of both Red and Blue states displayed similar travel patterns during the period post the reopening of states, leading us to conclude that, on average, the residents in Red states might be mobilizing less safely than the residents in Blue states. Furthermore, we use temperature data to attempt to explain the difference in the way residents travel and practice safety measures.

中文翻译:

COVID-19 在美国的传播有何政治意义?使用交通和天气数据的分析

我们通过挖掘 2020 年 3 月至 2020 年 7 月美国居民的交通模式,调查了 2016 年总统大选唐纳德·特朗普(红色)赢得的州与希拉里·克林顿(蓝色)赢得的州之间 COVID-19 传播的差异为确保公平比较,我们首先使用 K-means 聚类方法将 50 个州根据其人口、面积和人口密度分为五个集群。然后,我们使用居民出行的平均百分比和人均出行次数来表征不同州居民的日常交通模式。对于每个州,我们研究了官方重新开放日期前后 2 个月的旅行模式与感染率之间的相关性。我们观察到,在封锁期间,红色和蓝色州的旅行模式和感染率之间都显示出很强的正相关关系。然而,在各州重新开放后,我们发现在所有五个州集群中,红色州的旅行感染相关性高于蓝色州。我们发现红州和蓝州的居民在各州重新开放后的这段时间里表现出相似的出行模式,因此我们得出结论,平均而言,红州居民的出行安全性可能不如蓝州居民。此外,我们使用温度数据来试图解释居民出行和采取安全措施的方式的差异。在各州重新开放后,我们发现在所有五个州集群中,红色州的旅行感染相关性高于蓝色州。我们发现红州和蓝州的居民在各州重新开放后的这段时间里表现出相似的出行模式,因此我们得出结论,平均而言,红州居民的出行安全性可能不如蓝州居民。此外,我们使用温度数据来试图解释居民出行和采取安全措施的方式的差异。在各州重新开放后,我们发现在所有五个州集群中,红色州的旅行感染相关性高于蓝色州。我们发现红州和蓝州的居民在各州重新开放后的这段时间里表现出相似的出行模式,因此我们得出结论,平均而言,红州居民的出行安全性可能不如蓝州居民。此外,我们使用温度数据来试图解释居民出行和采取安全措施的方式的差异。
更新日期:2020-09-11
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