Indaziflam, a PRE herbicide option for weed management on rangeland and natural areas, provides long-term control of invasive winter annual grasses (IWAGs). Because indaziflam only provides PRE control of IWAGs, POST herbicides such as glyphosate can be mixed with indaziflam to control germinated IWAG seedlings. Field trials were conducted at three sites on the Colorado Front Range to evaluate glyphosate dose required to provide adequate POST IWAG control and compare long-term downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), Japanese brome (Bromus arvensis L.), and feral rye (Secale cereale L.) control with indaziflam and imazapic. Two of the three sites were void of desirable species, so species establishment through drill seeding was assessed, while the remnant native plant response was assessed at the third site. Herbicide applications were made March 2014 through April 2015, and two sites were drill seeded with native species 9 mo after herbicide application. Yearly visual control evaluations, biomass of all plant species, and drilled species stand counts were collected. Glyphosate at 474 g ae ha−1 reduced B. tectorum biomass to zero, while glyphosate at 631 g ae ha−1 was needed to reduce biomass to near zero at the S. cereale site. At all three sites, only indaziflam treatments had significant reductions in IWAG biomass compared with the nontreated check at 3 yr after treatment (YAT). By 3 YAT in the drill-seeded sites, cool-season grass frequency ranged from 37% to 69% within indaziflam treatments (73 and 102 g ai ha−1), while imazapic treatments ranged from 0% to 26% cool-season grass frequency. In the site with a remnant native plant community, indaziflam treatments resulted in a 3- to 4-fold increase in native grass biomass. These results indicate that the multiyear IWAG control provided by indaziflam can aid in desirable species reestablishment through drill seeding or response of the remnant plant community.

中文翻译：

---

在牧场上施用吲达济菌后评估冬季年度草控制和本地物种建立

Indaziflam 是一种用于牧场和自然区域杂草管理的 PRE 除草剂选择，可长期控制侵入性冬季一年生草 (IWAG)。因为吲达西兰仅提供对 IWAG 的 PRE 控制，所以可以将草甘膦等 POST 除草剂与吲达西兰混合以控制发芽的 IWAG 幼苗。在科罗拉多前沿山脉的三个地点进行了田间试验，以评估提供足够的 POST IWAG 控制所需的草甘膦剂量，并比较长期的羽绒雀。无芒雀麦L.), 日本雀麦 (雀麦L.) 和野黑麦 (黑麦L.) 用吲达西兰和灭草定控制。三个地点中有两个没有理想的物种，因此评估了通过播种建立的物种，而在第三个地点评估了残余的本地植物反应。2014 年 3 月至 2015 年 4 月期间施用了除草剂，在施用除草剂 9 个月后，两个地点用本地物种播种。收集了每年的视觉控制评估、所有植物物种的生物量和钻孔物种的林分计数。草甘膦 474 g ae ha-1减少B. 顶盖生物量为零，而草甘膦为 631 g ae ha-1需要将生物量减少到接近于零S.谷粒地点。在所有三个地点，与治疗后 3 年 (YAT) 的未治疗检查相比，只有吲达西兰治疗的 IWAG 生物量显着降低。3 YAT 在播种地点，冷季草频率在吲达齐弗林处理（73 和 102 g ai ha-1)，而 imazapic 处理的范围从 0% 到 26% 的冷季草频率。在具有残余原生植物群落的地点，吲达齐弗林处理导致原生草生物量增加 3 至 4 倍。这些结果表明，indaziflam 提供的多年 IWAG 控制可以通过播种或剩余植物群落的响应来帮助重建理想的物种。