Abstract Interfacial solar vapor generation has revived the solar-thermal-based desalination due to its high conversion efficiency of solar energy. However, most solar evaporators reported so far suffer from severe salt-clogging problems during solar desalination, leading to performance degradation and structural instability. Here, we demonstrate a free-standing salt-rejecting reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membrane serving as an efficient, stable, and antisalt-fouling solar evaporator. The evaporation rate of the membrane reaches up to 1.27 kg m−2 h−1 (solar–thermal conversion efficiency ∼79%) under one sun, out of 3.5 wt% brine. More strikingly, due to the tailored narrow interlayer spacing, the rGO membrane can effectively reject ions, preventing salt accumulation even for high salinity brine (∼8 wt% concentration). With enabled salt-antifouling capability, flexibility, as well as stability, our rGO membrane serves as a promising solar evaporator for high salinity brine treatment.

中文翻译：

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独立式还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO) 膜用于通过尺寸效应进行抗盐太阳能淡化

摘要 界面太阳能蒸汽发电因其对太阳能的高转换效率而复兴了以光热为基础的海水淡化。然而，迄今为止报道的大多数太阳能蒸发器在太阳能淡化过程中都存在严重的盐堵塞问题，导致性能下降和结构不稳定。在这里，我们展示了一种独立的抗盐还原氧化石墨烯 (rGO) 膜，该膜可用作高效、稳定且抗盐污染的太阳能蒸发器。在 3.5 wt% 的盐水中，在一次阳光下，膜的蒸发率高达 1.27 kg m-2 h-1（太阳能-热转换效率~79%）。更引人注目的是，由于定制的窄层间距，rGO 膜可以有效地排斥离子，即使对于高盐度盐水（~8 wt% 浓度）也能防止盐分积累。