Guarana [Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke] is a typical South American plant, native to the Amazon, with subspontaneous occurrence in Maués, Amazonas, Brazil, where it was domesticated and cultivated by the Sateré‐Mawé indigenous community. Guarana is an original Brazilian product with great economic and industrial potential owing to the energetic, antioxidant, and medicinal properties of its seeds. In spite of its importance, there is still a gap in knowledge about genetic diversity and adaptations that might improve agro‐industrial uses of guarana seeds. This study was aimed at estimating phytochemical diversity, classification, and typology of guarana genotypes. Agro‐industrial potential among eight genotypes was estimated based on phytochemical characters (theobromine, caffeine, catechin, and epicatechin content, quantified by high performance liquid chromatography) and yield in three locations from harvests between 2015 and 2016. Phytochemical divergence was assessed by the mean Euclidean distance. Grouping was performed by the unweighted pair‐group method using arithmetic averages. Metabolite content varied considerably between genotypes (e.g., among caffeine [3.23–7.35%], catechin [0.20–3.57%], and epicatechin [0.09–4.22%]), and dry seed yield was the character with the greatest variation (0.048–5.13 kg plant⁻¹). The metabolic profile variations of the genotypes were clustered into three chemotypes: energetic and antioxidant guarana (genotypes CIR815, CIR904, and CMA498); antioxidant guarana (genotypes BRS‐Maués and CMU874); and energetic guarana (genotypes CMA831, CMU952, and BRS‐CG372). Genotypes CIR815, CIR904, and CMU874 have the potential to be future commercial cultivars, providing quality raw material for soft drinks, energy drinks, and pharmaceutical products.

中文翻译：

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瓜拉纳基因型之间的植物化学差异与农用工业特征的关系

瓜拉纳[ Paullinia cupana var。山梨（玛特·达克）是一种典型的南美植物，原产于亚马逊，在巴西的亚马逊州的莫埃斯自然发生，并由塞特雷·毛韦土著社区进行驯化和栽培。瓜拉那（Guarana）是巴西的原始产品，由于其种子的高能，抗氧化剂和药用特性，具有巨大的经济和工业潜力。尽管其重要性，关于遗传多样性和适应的知识仍然存在差距，这可能会改善瓜拉纳种子在农业工业中的利用。这项研究旨在估计瓜拉那基因型的植物化学多样性，分类和类型。根据植物化学特征（可可碱，咖啡因，儿茶素和表儿茶素的含量）估算了八种基因型中的农业工业潜力。通过高效液相色谱进行定量），并在2015年至2016年之间的三个收成中获得产量。通过平均欧几里德距离评估植物化学差异。使用算术平均值通过非加权成对分组法进行分组。不同基因型之间的代谢物含量差异很大（例如，咖啡因[3.23-7.35％]，儿茶素[0.20-3.57％]和表儿茶素[0.09-4.22％]），而干籽产量是变异最大的特征（0.048- 5.13公斤植物^-1）。基因型的代谢谱变异分为三种化学型：高能和抗氧化瓜拉那（基因型CIR815，CIR904和CMA498）；抗氧化剂瓜拉那（基因型BRS-Maués和CMU874）; 和精力充沛的瓜拉那（基因型CMA831，CMU952和BRS-CG372）。基因型CIR815，CIR904和CMU874有潜力成为未来的商业品种，为软饮料，能量饮料和药品提供优质的原料。