Earth observation (EO) data are increasingly being used to monitor vegetation and detect plant growth anomalies due to water stress, drought, or pests, as well as to monitor water availability, weather conditions, disaster risks, land use/land cover changes and to evaluate soil degradation. Satellite data are provided regularly by worldwide organizations, covering a wide variety of spatial, temporal and spectral characteristics. In addition, weather, climate and crop growth models provide early estimates of the expected weather and climatic patterns and yield, which can be improved by fusion with EO data. The AfriCultuReS project is capitalizing on the above to contribute towards an integrated agricultural monitoring and early warning system for Africa, supporting decision‐making in the field of food security. The aim of this article is to present the design of EO services within the project, and how they will support food security in Africa. The services designed cover the users’ requirements related to climate, drought, land, livestock, crops, water, and weather. For each category of services, results from one case study are presented. The services will be distributed to the stakeholders and are expected to provide a continuous monitoring framework for early and accurate assessment of factors affecting food security in Africa.

中文翻译：

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设计AfriCultuReS服务以支持非洲的粮食安全

越来越多地使用地球观测（EO）数据来监测植被和检测由于水分胁迫，干旱或害虫引起的植物生长异常，以及监测水的可利用性，天气状况，灾害风险，土地利用/土地覆盖的变化以及评价土壤退化。全球组织定期提供卫星数据，涵盖各种空间，时间和频谱特征。此外，天气，气候和农作物生长模型可提供对预期天气和气候模式及单产的早期估计，可以通过与EO数据融合来改善。AfriCultuReS项目正利用以上内容为非洲综合农业监测和预警系统做出贡献，从而支持粮食安全领域的决策。本文的目的是介绍项目中的EO服务的设计，以及它们如何支持非洲的粮食安全。设计的服务涵盖了用户与气候，干旱，土地，牲畜，农作物，水和天气有关的要求。对于每种服务类别，都提供了一个案例研究的结果。这些服务将分发给利益攸关方，并有望提供一个连续的监测框架，以便及早和准确地评估影响非洲粮食安全的因素。