Air‐Processed Perovskite Films with Inner‐to‐Outside Passivation for High‐Efficiency Solar Cells,Solar RRL

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Air‐Processed Perovskite Films with Inner‐to‐Outside Passivation for High‐Efficiency Solar Cells
Solar RRL ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 , DOI: 10.1002/solr.202000410
Jingcheng Zhao ₁ , Dezhi Yang ₁ , Rugang Chen ₁ , Liqing Yang ₁ , Xianfeng Qiao ₁ , Lintao Hou ₂ , Jiangshan Chen ₁ , Dongge Ma ₁

Affiliation

Metallic halide perovskite films are usually fabricated in inert environment due to their high sensitivity to moisture and oxygen. However, the fabrication process in the strictly controlled environment is not economical for mass production. Therefore, the fabrication of high‐quality perovskite films in ambient air is more practical for optoelectronic devices. Herein, a spinning–bathing–spinning (SBS) method is demonstrated to deposit pinhole‐free perovskite films with large grains in ambient air for solar cells. The effect of moisture on the rapid crystallization and grain coarsening can be suppressed using this SBS method. Furthermore, the moisture is found to encourage the halogen separation in the perovskite films when using PbI₂–PbCl₂ as the lead halide precursor, resulting in the formation of I‐dominant perovskite grains and Cl‐enriched boundaries and surface in the films. The Cl‐enriched grain boundaries and film surface, which mainly originate from the confined methylammonium chloride (MACl), can passivate defects and prevent further damage from moisture and oxygen. This spontaneous inner‐to‐outside passivation enables the air‐processed perovskite solar cells with the high power conversion efficiencies of more than 20% and improved stability.

中文翻译：

空气处理钙钛矿薄膜，具有从内到外钝化的高效太阳能电池

卤化钙钛矿金属膜由于对湿气和氧气的高度敏感性，通常在惰性环境中制造。然而，在严格控制的环境中的制造工艺对于批量生产而言并不经济。因此，在环境空气中制造高质量的钙钛矿薄膜对于光电设备而言更为实用。在本文中，一种旋转-沐浴-旋转（SBS）方法被证明可以在太阳能电池的环境空气中沉积不含大晶粒的无针孔钙钛矿薄膜。使用这种SBS方法可以抑制水分对快速结晶和晶粒粗化的影响。此外，水分被发现使用碘化铅时，鼓励在钙钛矿薄膜的卤素分离₂ -PbCl ₂作为卤化铅的前驱体，在薄膜中形成了I型钙钛矿晶粒和富含Cl的边界和表面。富含Cl的晶界和膜表面主要来自受限的甲基氯化铵（MACl），可以钝化缺陷并防止水分和氧气进一步破坏。这种自内而外的钝化作用使经过空气处理的钙钛矿太阳能电池具有超过20％的高功率转换效率并提高了稳定性。

更新日期：2020-11-06

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