Abstract Several theories and methodologies for running effective-strain and effective-stress based crack propagation models are reviewed. Crack closure behaviour and effective crack growth rate data for various steels were collected and showed that the effective crack growth rate is independent of steel hardness and R-ratio. Crack propagation simulations on a centre elliptical notched specimen were run under constant amplitude and variable amplitude load histories. Two crack propagation models were employed: 1. An effective-strain based model; and 2. A multi R-ratio crack propagation model. A comparison of simulated results from the two models with experimental data shows a good match.

中文翻译：

---

基于有效应变和多 R 比裂纹扩展模型的回顾以及使用两种方法的模拟结果的比较

摘要 综述了运行基于有效应变和有效应力的裂纹扩展模型的几种理论和方法。收集了各种钢的裂纹闭合行为和有效裂纹扩展速率数据，表明有效裂纹扩展速率与钢硬度和 R 比无关。在恒定幅度和可变幅度载荷历史记录下对中心椭圆形缺口试样进行裂纹扩展模拟。采用了两种裂纹扩展模型： 1. 基于有效应变的模型；和 2. 多 R 比裂纹扩展模型。两个模型的模拟结果与实验数据的比较显示出良好的匹配。