Abstract Ridge and runnel features were originally described by King and WiIliams (1949) from observations at Blackpool beach (U.K.) and laboratory experiments. They were characterised as intertidal, shore-parallel sandbars (ridges), commonly 2–6 bars in total, and disconnected from each other by troughs (runnels). The nomenclature ‘ridge and runnel’ was, however, also used by Hayes (1967) to describe multiple-barred beaches but referring to subtidal bars. The more specific term ‘Multiple Inter-Tidal Bars’ (MITB) was subsequently adopted for intertidal beaches exhibiting successive shore-parallel sandbars. To date, a detailed understanding of the formation of MITB has remained elusive and their precise definition is still unclear. It has been suggested that MITB features are the result of both swash and surf zone processes acting on the intertidal beach profile. These processes are involved in the formation, the long-term persistence, and behaviour of MITB. Despite the long-term persistence of MITB systems they are dynamic at short timescales. Ridge crest positions are regularly modified over each tidal cycle by successive surf and swash processes. At seasonal scales, ridges may undergo erosion and cross-shore migration under high energy conditions (winter) while ridges are well developed during summers. Via a meta-analysis of 93 separate published works at 67 sites globally, we define MITB, characterise their morphodynamics and assess their global distribution. Our study shows that the distribution of MITB is a function of thresholds in beach slope ( 3 m) and on low gradient (wide) intertidal beach slopes.

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海滩上的多个潮间带酒吧：评论

摘要 山脊和水道特征最初由 King 和 WiIliams (1949) 根据在 Blackpool 海滩（英国）的观察和实验室实验描述。它们的特征是潮间带、与海岸平行的沙洲（山脊），通常总共有 2-6 个沙洲，并通过槽（流道）彼此断开。然而，Hayes (1967) 也使用术语“岭和流道”来描述多条带的海滩，但指的是潮下带。更具体的术语“多个潮间带沙洲”(MITB) 随后被用于展示连续与海岸平行的沙洲的潮间带海滩。迄今为止，对 MITB 形成的详细理解仍然难以捉摸，其确切定义仍不清楚。有人认为 MITB 特征是作用于潮间带海滩剖面的浪花和冲浪带过程的结果。这些过程参与了 MITB 的形成、长期持续和行为。尽管 MITB 系统长期存在，但它们在短时间内是动态的。在每个潮汐周期中，通过连续的海浪和冲浪过程，有规律地修改脊顶位置。在季节性尺度上，山脊在高能量条件下（冬季）可能会经历侵蚀和跨海岸迁移，而在夏季山脊发育良好。通过对全球 67 个地点的 93 篇独立已发表作品的元分析，我们定义了 MITB，表征了它们的形态动力学并评估了它们的全球分布。