The combination of active and passive tillage tools has been acknowledged as an effective way of dealing with the soil compaction, due to reduced field trips required for preparing seedbed compared to conventional practices. A comparative analysis was carried out between an active-passive configuration of combined offset disc harrow (CODH) and conventional passively-driven mode of offset disc harrow (ODH) in sandy clay loam soil to achieve maximum tillage quality with a minimum expenditure of power. The test parameters consisted of: forward speeds (3.46, 4.55, and 6.82 km h−1), rotational speeds of front gang axle (95, 133, and 150 rpm), and working depths (80, 120, and 145 mm). Better penetration ability and uniformity in tilling depth was observed with CODH compared to passively-driven ODH. The soil pulverizing ability, stubble cutting, and crop residue burial efficiency (CRBE) was observed to be better with CODH compared to passively-driven ODH. The CODH exhibited best tillage performance index at rotational speed of 133 rpm, at which draught requirement and the corresponding driving wheel slip were witnessed to be reduced by 50.73–55.01% and 68.70–79.55%, respectively as compared to free rolling ODH, whereas, fuel consumption per tilled area and specific energy were increased by 0.06–25.53% and 4.07–37.11%, respectively. Furthermore, the soil cone index (CI) and clod size were reduced by 14.29–46.90% and 14.88–43.73%, respectively and the CRBE was increased by 11.36–100%. The results indicate that the active-passive CODH outperformed the conventional passively-driven ODH with respect to both energy consumption and quality of soil tilth.

中文翻译：

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组合（主动-被动）和传统偏置圆盘耙的能量需求和耕作效率的比较评估

主动和被动耕作工具的组合已被公认为处理土壤压实的有效方法，因为与传统做法相比，减少了准备苗床所需的实地考察。在砂质粘壤土中，对组合偏置圆盘耙 (CODH) 的主动-被动配置与偏置圆盘耙 (ODH) 的传统被动驱动模式进行了比较分析，以在最小的功率消耗下实现最大的耕作质量。测试参数包括：前进速度（3.46、4.55 和 6.82 km h-1）、前联轴器的转速（95、133 和 150 rpm）和工作深度（80、120 和 145 mm）。与被动驱动的 ODH 相比，使用 CODH 观察到更好的穿透能力和耕作深度的均匀性。土壤粉碎能力强，切茬，与被动驱动的 ODH 相比，CODH 的作物秸秆掩埋效率 (CRBE) 更好。CODH 在 133 rpm 转速下表现出最佳耕作性能指数，与自由滚动 ODH 相比，在该转速下吃水要求和相应的驱动轮滑移分别降低了 50.73-55.01% 和 68.70-79.55%，而，耕地面积油耗和比能分别提高0.06-25.53%和4.07-37.11%。此外，土锥指数 (CI) 和土块大小分别减少了 14.29-46.90% 和 14.88-43.73%，CRBE 增加了 11.36-100%。结果表明，主动-被动 CODH 在能源消耗和土壤倾斜质量方面均优于传统的被动驱动 ODH。