Adolescence represents a transitional stage with increased risk taking and mood dysregulation. These vulnerabilities are accountable by developmental dynamics in the triadic functional brain networks underlying reward seeking (REW), emotional avoidance (EMO), and cognitive regulation (COG). However, these triadic dynamics, though conceptually established, have yet been investigated directly. Capitalizing on public database of resting-state fMRI from 222 adolescents (8–18 years old, 89F133M), this study examined cross-sectional development profiles of functional connectivity (FC) by jointly considering bilateral seeds of the ventral striatum, amygdala, and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex in probing the networks of REW, EMO, and COG, respectively. Positive and negative FCs were considered separately for clarification of synergetic and suppressive interactions. While the REW and EMO mostly exhibited quadratic FC changes across age, suggesting reduced reward sensitivity and risk avoidance, the COG exhibited both linear and quadratic FC changes, suggesting both protracted maturation of cognitive ability and lowered top-down regulation. Additional age × gender effects were identified in the precentral gyrus and superior medial prefrontal cortex, which may associate risky action and emotion dysregulation to boys and girls, respectively. These results provide network evidence in substantiating the “triadic model” and deepening existing insights into neurodevelopmental mechanisms associated with adolescent behavior.

青春期是一个过渡阶段，风险增加和情绪失调。这些漏洞是由寻求奖励 (REW)、情绪回避 (EMO) 和认知调节 (COG) 背后的三元功能大脑网络中的发育动态造成的。然而，这些三元动力学虽然在概念上已经确立，但尚未被直接研究。本研究利用来自 222 名青少年（8-18 岁，89F133M）的静息态 fMRI 公共数据库，通过联合考虑腹侧纹状体、杏仁核和背侧纹状体的双侧种子，检查了功能连接 (FC) 的横截面发育概况侧前额叶皮层分别探测 REW、EMO 和 COG 网络。为了阐明协同和抑制相互作用，分别考虑正和负 FC。虽然 REW 和 EMO 主要表现出跨年龄的二次 FC 变化，表明奖励敏感性和风险规避降低，但 COG 表现出线性和二次 FC 变化，表明认知能力的长期成熟和自上而下的调节降低。在中央前回和内侧前额叶上皮层中发现了额外的年龄×性别影响，这可能分别将危险行为和情绪失调与男孩和女孩联系起来。这些结果为证实“三元模型”和加深对与青少年行为相关的神经发育机制的现有见解提供了网络证据。表明奖励敏感性和风险规避降低，COG 表现出线性和二次 FC 变化，表明认知能力的长期成熟和自上而下的调节降低。在中央前回和内侧前额叶上皮层中发现了额外的年龄×性别影响，这可能分别将危险行为和情绪失调与男孩和女孩联系起来。这些结果为证实“三元模型”和加深对与青少年行为相关的神经发育机制的现有见解提供了网络证据。表明奖励敏感性和风险规避降低，COG 表现出线性和二次 FC 变化，表明认知能力的长期成熟和自上而下的调节降低。在中央前回和内侧前额叶上皮层中发现了额外的年龄×性别影响，这可能分别将危险行为和情绪失调与男孩和女孩联系起来。这些结果为证实“三元模型”和加深对与青少年行为相关的神经发育机制的现有见解提供了网络证据。在中央前回和内侧前额叶上皮层中发现了额外的年龄×性别影响，这可能分别将危险行为和情绪失调与男孩和女孩联系起来。这些结果为证实“三元模型”和加深对与青少年行为相关的神经发育机制的现有见解提供了网络证据。在中央前回和内侧前额叶上皮层中发现了额外的年龄×性别影响，这可能分别将危险行为和情绪失调与男孩和女孩联系起来。这些结果为证实“三元模型”和加深对与青少年行为相关的神经发育机制的现有见解提供了网络证据。