Purpose

Knee joint morphology is a known contributor to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, and the shape of the distal femur condyle is one of the associated factors. However, the relationship between femoral trochlear morphology and ACL injury is unclear, especially in pediatric patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of femoral trochlear morphology on ACL injury in pediatric patients and investigate the possibility of gender differences.

Methods

In total, 116 skeletally immature children aged 3–18 years with primary ACL injuries were matched with a control group of 116 skeletally immature children. Lateral trochlear inclination, trochlear facet asymmetry, trochlear depth, and sulcus angle were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Differences between patient groups and gender were investigated. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to obtain the sensitivity and specificity of all parameters.

Results

A significant difference was observed in the sulcus angle and trochlear inclination between the ACL injury and control groups (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the ACL injury and control groups with respect to the anatomic patellar instability risk factors. All parameters showed an area under the curve of 0.6 in the ROC analysis, indicative of failure of the diagnostic test.

Conclusions

There was a significant association between femoral trochlear morphology and increased risk of ACL injury in pediatric patients. No gender difference was found except in the trochlear depth. It was showed that the difference in trochlear morphology should be considered between normal children and pediatric patients with ACL injury to increase the awareness regarding ACL injuries.

Level of evidence

III.

中文翻译：

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骨骼未成熟患者的股骨滑车形态与前十字韧带损伤有关。

目的

膝关节形态是导致前十字韧带（ACL）损伤的已知因素，股骨远端con的形状是相关因素之一。但是，股骨滑车形态与ACL损伤之间的关系尚不清楚，尤其是在儿科患者中。因此，本研究旨在评估股骨滑车形态对儿科患者ACL损伤的影响，并探讨性别差异的可能性。

方法

总共有116名3-18岁的骨骼未成熟儿童患有原发性ACL损伤，而对照组则有116名骨骼未成熟的儿童。使用磁共振成像（MRI）评估了滑车外侧倾度，滑车小平面不对称性，滑车深度和沟角。研究了患者组和性别之间的差异。构建接收器工作特性（ROC）曲线以获得所有参数的敏感性和特异性。

结果

ACL损伤组与对照组之间的沟角和滑车倾角之间存在显着差异（p  <0.05）。在解剖pa骨不稳定危险因素方面，ACL损伤组与对照组之间未观察到显着差异。在ROC分析中，所有参数均在0.6曲线下显示面积，表明诊断测试失败。

结论

小儿股骨滑车形态与ACL损伤风险增加之间存在显着关联。除滑车深度外，未发现性别差异。结果表明，正常儿童和小儿ACL损伤患儿应考虑滑车形态的差异，以提高对ACL损伤的认识。

证据水平

三，