The active form of an iron-containing catalyst including mixed Fe(II, III) oxides for refi ning Ashal′cha heavy oil was investigated using Mossbauer spectroscopy to establish the formation mechanism. The iron-oxide phase is involved during the formation process in the cleavage of carbon-heteroatom bonds in asphaltene and resin fractions of heavy oil and decreases their molecular masses. The disperse iron oxides are enriched in a sulfur-containing phase. The conversion degree of the compounds increases as the duration of the experiment increases, which indicates that the disperse iron compounds participate multiple times in the cleavage of chemical bonds. Results of Mossbauer spectroscopy indicate that maghemite is reduced to magnetite when the iron oxides react with water vapor during the catalytic aquathermolysis of crude oil at 250°C.

利用Mossbauer光谱学研究了含铁的催化剂的活性形式，该催化剂包括混合的Fe（II，III）氧化物，用于纯化Ashal'cha重油，以建立形成机理。在形成过程中，氧化铁相参与了沥青质和重油树脂馏分中碳-杂原子键的裂解，并降低了它们的分子量。分散的氧化铁富含含硫相。随着实验时间的延长，化合物的转化度增加，这表明分散的铁化合物多次参与化学键的裂解。Mossbauer光谱的结果表明，在250°C的原油催化水热分解过程中，当铁的氧化物与水蒸气反应时，磁赤铁矿还原为磁铁矿。