Tidal marshes are a key component of coastal seascape mosaics that support a suite of socially and economically valuable ecosystem services, including recreational opportunities (e.g., fishing, birdwatching), habitat for fisheries species, improved water quality, and shoreline protection. The capacity for tidal marshes to support these services is, however, threatened by increasingly widespread human impacts that reduce the extent and condition of tidal marshes across multiple spatial scales and that vary substantially through time. Climate change causes species redistribution at continental scales, changes in weather patterns (e.g., rainfall), and a worsening of the effect of coastal squeeze through sea level rise. Simultaneously, the effects of urbanization such as habitat loss, eutrophication, fishing, and the spread of invasive species interact with each other, and with climate change, to fundamentally change the structure and functioning of tidal marshes and their food webs. These changes affect tidal marshes at local scales through changes in plant community composition, complexity, and condition and at regional scales through changes in habitat extent, configuration, and connectivity. However, research into the full effects of these multi-scaled, interactive stressors on ecosystem service provision in tidal marshes is in its infancy and is somewhat geographically restricted. This hinders our capacity to quickly and effectively curb loss and degradation of both tidal marshes and the services they deliver with targeted management actions. We highlight ten priority research questions seeking to quantify the consequences and scales of human impacts on tidal marshes that should be answered to improve management and restoration plans.

潮汐沼泽是沿海海景马赛克的重要组成部分，支持一系列具有社会和经济价值的生态系统服务，包括娱乐机会（例如钓鱼，观鸟），渔业物种的栖息地，改善的水质和海岸线保护。但是，潮汐沼泽支持这些服务的能力受到越来越广泛的人类影响的威胁，这些影响降低了跨多个空间尺度的潮汐沼泽的程度和状况，并且随时间变化很大。气候变化导致物种在大陆范围内重新分布，天气模式的变化（例如降雨），以及由于海平面上升而导致的海岸挤压效应的恶化。同时，城市化的影响，例如栖息地的丧失，富营养化，捕鱼，入侵物种的扩散以及气候变化相互影响，从根本上改变了潮汐沼泽及其食物网的结构和功能。这些变化通过改变植物群落组成，复杂性和状况在局部尺度上影响潮汐沼泽，而在区域尺度通过生境范围，构造和连通性变化影响潮汐沼泽。但是，对这些多尺度，交互性压力源对潮汐沼泽中生态系统服务提供的全部影响的研究尚处于起步阶段，并且在地理上受到一定限制。这阻碍了我们快速有效地抑制潮汐沼泽及其通过有针对性的管理行动提供的服务的损失和退化的能力。