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K-Ar AND Rb-Sr DATING OF NANOMETER-SIZED SMECTITE-RICH MIXED LAYERS FROM BENTONITE BEDS OF THE CAMPOS BASIN (RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL)
Clays and Clay Minerals ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 , DOI: 10.1007/s42860-020-00087-5
Norbert Clauer , Jan Środoń , Amélie Aubert , I. Tonguç Uysal , Theofilos Toulkeridis

K-Ar isotopic dating has been applied to alkali-rich nanometer-sized illite separates of bentonites since the late 1990s. In the present study, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic analyses were based on mineralogical determinations and morphological observations of similarly nm-sized separates (<0.02, 0.02–0.05, and 0.05–0.1 μm) depleted in alkalis and recovered from Santonian (85.8–83.5 Ma) bentonites of the Campos Basin located offshore the southeastern Atlantic coast (Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil). On the basis of XRD analyses and geochemical/mineralogical simulations, the size fractions consist essentially of the smectite-rich end-member of the smectite-to-illite trend with no more than 9% authigenic illite layers. High K-Ar values from 42.6 ± 3.2 to 70.2 ± 2.1 Ma confirm the occurrence of detrital illite in one sample at least, the age data being meaningless. A second group of K-Ar values ranges from 15.5 ± 10.7 to 41.3 ± 10.8 Ma, while the smallest (<0.02 and 0.02–0.05 μm) fractions with <0.42% K2O lack detectable radiogenic 40Ar and yield analytically 0 Ma ages. Two samples including that with the detrital illite were leached with dilute acid and the Rb-Sr method was applied to the untreated, leachate, and residual fractions of the different separates. The combined isotopic data suggest that illitization started at ~44 ± 4 Ma when the bentonites were subjected to a temperature of ~60°C. The leachable Sr yielded 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7106–0.7108, which is greater than those of seawater either during deposition or recently, and of the initial ashes. They do not correspond to the chemical signature of pore fluids, but more likely to removals from fragile edges of the illite-smectite layers probably impacted by the rough initial chemical treatment applied to empty the smectite interlayers. Illitization was either a side effect of a major contemporaneous smectitization or an independent process that occurred later, in the progressively buried bentonite beds. Of variable duration, it was probably dependent on burial-induced temperature increase in the bentonites, which monitored the fixation of K in the smectite layering with or without a changing fluid chemistry. On the basis of the combined K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic data, illitization lasted either until ~15 Ma or even 0 Ma for some of the finest size fractions.

中文翻译:

来自 CAMPOS 盆地(巴西里约热内卢州)膨润土床的纳米级富含蒙脱石混合层的 K-Ar 和 Rb-Sr 定年

自 1990 年代后期以来,K-Ar 同位素测年已应用于膨润土的富碱纳米级伊利石分离物。在本研究中,K-Ar 和 Rb-Sr 同位素分析基于矿物学测定和形态学观察,对类似 nm 大小的分离物(<0.02、0.02-0.05 和 0.05-0.1 μm)耗尽碱并从 Santonian 中回收( 85.8–83.5 Ma) 位于大西洋东南海岸(巴西里约热内卢州)近海的坎波斯盆地的膨润土。在 XRD 分析和地球化学/矿物学模拟的基础上,尺寸部分基本上由蒙脱石到伊利石趋势的富含蒙脱石的端元组成,自生伊利石层不超过 9%。从 42.6 ± 3.2 到 70.2 ± 2.1 Ma 的高 K-Ar 值至少证实了一个样品中存在碎屑伊利石,年龄数据毫无意义。第二组 K-Ar 值的范围从 15.5 ± 10.7 到 41.3 ± 10.8 Ma,而最小(<0.02 和 0.02–0.05 μm)的分数 <0.42% K2O 缺乏可检测的放射成因 40Ar 并产生分析 0 Ma 年龄。用稀酸浸出包括碎屑伊利石在内的两个样品,并将 Rb-Sr 方法应用于不同分离物的未处理、浸出液和残留部分。综合同位素数据表明,当膨润土经受~60°C 的温度时,伊利石化开始于~44 ± 4 Ma。可浸出的 Sr 产生 87Sr/86Sr 的比率为 0.7106–0.7108,高于沉积期间或最近的海水以及初始灰烬的比率。它们不符合孔隙流体的化学特征,但更有可能从伊利石-蒙脱石层的脆弱边缘去除,这可能受到用于清空蒙脱石夹层的粗略初始化学处理的影响。伊利石化要么是同期主要的蒙脱石化的副作用,要么是后来在逐渐掩埋的膨润土层中发生的独立过程。持续时间不同,这可能取决于膨润土中埋藏引起的温度升高,这监测了蒙脱石层中 K 的固定,有或没有改变流体化学。根据结合的 K-Ar 和 Rb-Sr 同位素数据,对于一些最细粒度的部分,伊利化持续到 ~15 Ma 甚至 0 Ma。伊利石化要么是同期主要的蒙脱石化的副作用,要么是后来在逐渐掩埋的膨润土层中发生的独立过程。持续时间不同,这可能取决于膨润土中埋藏引起的温度升高,这监测了蒙脱石层中 K 的固定,有或没有改变流体化学。根据结合的 K-Ar 和 Rb-Sr 同位素数据,对于一些最细粒度的部分,伊利化持续到 ~15 Ma 甚至 0 Ma。伊利石化要么是同期主要的蒙脱石化的副作用,要么是后来在逐渐掩埋的膨润土层中发生的独立过程。持续时间不同,这可能取决于膨润土中埋藏引起的温度升高,这监测了蒙脱石层中 K 的固定,有或没有改变流体化学。根据结合的 K-Ar 和 Rb-Sr 同位素数据,对于一些最细粒度的部分,伊利化持续到 ~15 Ma 甚至 0 Ma。在流体化学变化或没有变化的情况下,它监测了 K 在蒙脱石层中的固定。根据结合的 K-Ar 和 Rb-Sr 同位素数据,对于一些最细粒度的部分,伊利化持续到 ~15 Ma 甚至 0 Ma。在流体化学变化或没有变化的情况下,它监测了 K 在蒙脱石层中的固定。根据结合的 K-Ar 和 Rb-Sr 同位素数据,对于一些最细粒度的部分,伊利化持续到 ~15 Ma 甚至 0 Ma。
更新日期:2020-09-10
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