Capsaicin (CPS, 8-methyl-N-vanillyl-trans-6-nonenamide), a pungent alkaloid from chili peppers, has contradictory effects in both experimental and human carcinogenesis. Thus, we evaluated the modifying effects of chronic CPS during the promotion and progression stages of rat colon carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Male Wistar rats were given four subcutaneous injections of DMH (40 mg/body weight (b.w.)) twice a week, for 2 weeks. After DMH-induced tumor initiation, the animals were treated with CPS at 5 or 50 mg/kg b.w. by gavage for 24 weeks (three times a week). High-dose CPS reduced both cell proliferation in adjacent "normal-appearing" colonic crypts and the total number of preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) but did not change the number of dysplastic ACF or ACF multiplicity. Although the proportion of adenomas was increased, and tubular adenocarcinomas decreased in high-dose CPS, both CPS interventions exerted no effects on total tumor incidence, volume, multiplicity, cell proliferation (Ki-67), and apoptosis (caspase-3). In accordance, high-dose CPS treatment had discrete effects on gene expression in colon tumors, as only 3/94 (3.19%) genes were significantly modified (downregulation of Cebpd and Fasl, and upregulation of Jag1). The findings of the present study show that CPS does not impact on the promotion/progression stages of rat colon carcinogenesis. Therefore, CPS at a high-dose intervention showed to be a safe food ingredient.

中文翻译：

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在1,2-二甲基肼诱导的大鼠模型中，辣椒素在结肠癌发生过程中缺乏促进肿瘤的作用。

辣椒素的辛辣生物碱辣椒素（CPS，8-甲基-N-香草基-反式-6-壬烯酰胺）在实验和人类致癌作用中均具有相互矛盾的作用。因此，我们评估了慢性CPS在1,2-二甲基肼（DMH）诱导的大鼠结肠癌发生的促进和进展阶段中的修饰作用。雄性Wistar大鼠每周两次进行两次皮下注射DMH（40 mg /体重（bw）），持续2周。在DMH诱导的肿瘤发生后，以5或50 mg / kg bw的CPS通过管饲法对动物进行治疗24周（一周3次）。大剂量CPS可以减少相邻的“正常出现”结肠隐窝的细胞增殖和肿瘤前异常隐窝灶（ACF）的总数，但不会改变发育不良的ACF或ACF多重性的数量。尽管在大剂量CPS中腺瘤的比例增加，肾小管腺癌减少，但两种CPS干预措施均未对总肿瘤发生率，体积，多样性，细胞增殖（Ki-67）和细胞凋亡（caspase-3）产生影响。因此，大剂量CPS处理对结肠肿瘤中的基因表达具有离散的影响，因为只有3/94（3.19％）个基因被显着修饰（Cebpd和Fasl的下调以及Jag1的上调）。本研究的发现表明，CPS对大鼠结肠癌发生的促进/进展阶段没有影响。因此，高剂量干预下的CPS被证明是一种安全的食品成分。细胞增殖（Ki-67）和细胞凋亡（caspase-3）。因此，大剂量CPS处理对结肠肿瘤中的基因表达具有离散的影响，因为只有3/94（3.19％）个基因被显着修饰（Cebpd和Fasl的下调以及Jag1的上调）。本研究的发现表明，CPS对大鼠结肠癌发生的促进/进展阶段没有影响。因此，高剂量干预下的CPS被证明是一种安全的食品成分。细胞增殖（Ki-67）和细胞凋亡（caspase-3）。因此，大剂量CPS处理对结肠肿瘤中的基因表达具有离散的影响，因为只有3/94（3.19％）个基因被显着修饰（Cebpd和Fasl的下调以及Jag1的上调）。本研究的发现表明，CPS对大鼠结肠癌发生的促进/进展阶段没有影响。因此，高剂量干预下的CPS被证明是一种安全的食品成分。