BackgroundThe present study aimed to determine whether the number of hospitalizations in schizophrenia patients is associated with reduced cognitive performance, which may in turn imply that recurrences indirectly lead to a worsening in the disorder’s progression.MethodsCognitive performance in stable schizophrenia patients was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Japanese-language version, on 30 patients who had not experienced any hospitalizations (G0), 57 patients who had experienced only one hospitalization (G1), 47 patients with two hospitalizations (G2), and 59 patients with three or more hospitalizations (G3).ResultsSignificant differences in motor function and attention and processing speed were found between patients with G0 and those with G1. Significant differences in working memory and verbal fluency were found between patients with G1 and those with G2. Patients with G3 performed even more poorly in comparison with those with G1, showing deficits in verbal memory, working memory, executive function, and composite score. The patients with G3 displayed a greater range of impairment and demonstrated deficits in executive function compared with patients with G2. Finally, G2 and G3 performed more poorly than G0, with deficits in the various cognitive areas.ConclusionThe number of hospitalizations predicted cognitive performance, which suggests that relapse or recurrence may have a long-term neuropsychological impact. Prospective follow-up studies must be completed to explore this effect further because better treatment adherence may have a protective effect on neurocognitive function.

中文翻译：

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日本稳定型精神分裂症患者住院次数对认知功能的影响


背景本研究旨在确定精神分裂症患者的住院次数是否与认知能力下降有关，这反过来可能意味着复发间接导致疾病进展恶化。方法使用简短评估来评估稳定型精神分裂症患者的认知能力精神分裂症认知的日语版，针对 30 名未经历过任何住院治疗的患者 (G0)、57 名仅经历过一次住院治疗的患者 (G1)、47 名经历过两次住院治疗的患者 (G2) 以及 59 名经历过 3 次或以上住院治疗的患者更多住院次数（G3）。结果G0 患者与 G1 患者之间运动功能、注意力和处理速度存在显着差异。 G1 患者和 G2 患者之间的工作记忆和语言流畅性存在显着差异。与 G1 患者相比，G3 患者的表现甚至更差，表现出语言记忆、工作记忆、执行功能和综合评分的缺陷。与 G2 患者相比，G3 患者表现出更大范围的损伤和执行功能缺陷。最后，G2 和 G3 的表现比 G0 更差，在各个认知领域都有缺陷。 结论 住院次数可以预测认知表现，这表明复发或复发可能会产生长期的神经心理学影响。必须完成前瞻性随访研究以进一步探讨这种效应，因为更好的治疗依从性可能对神经认知功能有保护作用。