Understanding of the range and mechanisms of clathrin functions has developed exponentially since clathrin's discovery in 1975. Here, newly established molecular mechanisms that regulate clathrin activity and connect clathrin pathways to differentiation, disease and physiological processes such as glucose metabolism are reviewed. Diversity and commonalities of clathrin pathways across the tree of life reveal species-specific differences enabling functional plasticity in both membrane traffic and cytokinesis. New structural information on clathrin coat formation and cargo interactions emphasises the interplay between clathrin, adaptor proteins, lipids and cargo, and how this interplay regulates quality control of clathrin's function and is compromised in infection and neurological disease. Roles for balancing clathrin-mediated cargo transport are defined in stem cell development and additional disease states.

中文翻译：

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网格蛋白的寿命超过40：将生物化学与生理学和疾病联系起来。

自从网格蛋白在1975年被发现以来，对网格蛋白功能范围和机制的理解就呈指数级增长。在这里，对调节网格蛋白活性并将网格蛋白途径与分化，疾病和诸如葡萄糖代谢等生理过程联系起来的新建立的分子机制进行了综述。整个生命树中网格蛋白途径的多样性和共性揭示了物种特异性差异，从而在膜运输和胞质分裂方面都具有功能可塑性。关于网格蛋白外套形成和货物相互作用的新结构信息强调了网格蛋白，衔接蛋白，脂质和货物之间的相互作用，以及这种相互作用如何调节网格蛋白功能的质量控制，并在感染和神经系统疾病中受损。