Ameloblastoma is a benign tumor that develops in the jawbone. Occasionally, however, it may become malignant and metastasize to other tissues. Although it has been suggested that various cytokines and several adhesion factors may play a role in its malignant transformation, the details have not been elucidated. In this context, it has been reported that butyric acid produced by periodontopathic bacteria causes progression of malignant tumors occurring in the mouth via podoplanin. However, the influence of butyric acid on ameloblastoma has not been clarified. In the present study, therefore, the expression of various cytokines and adhesion factors in ameloblastoma upon stimulation with butyric acid or cytokines was investigated using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Three cell lines (HAM1, HAM2 and HAM3) established from the same ameloblastoma were used in the experiments. It was found that the expression of mRNAs for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) was increased in HAM2 and HAM3, respectively, upon stimulation with butyric acid. In addition, stimulation with EGF and TGFβ1 led to an increase in the expression of laminin β-3 mRNA in the respective cell lines. These results suggest that butyric acid may be involved in ameloblastoma exacerbation through the expression of laminin 332 (LM332) via EGF and TGFβ1 produced by ameloblastoma itself.

成釉细胞瘤是一种在颌骨中发生的良性肿瘤。然而，有时它可能会恶变并转移到其他组织。尽管有人提出多种细胞因子和多种粘附因子可能在其恶性转化中发挥作用，但具体细节尚未阐明。在这种情况下，据报道，牙周病细菌产生的丁酸通过足平蛋白导致口腔中发生的恶性肿瘤的进展。然而，丁酸对成釉细胞瘤的影响尚未明确。因此，在本研究中，使用实时逆转录聚合酶链反应研究了丁酸或细胞因子刺激后成釉细胞瘤中各种细胞因子和粘附因子的表达。实验中使用了从同一成釉细胞瘤建立的三种细胞系（HAM1、HAM2 和 HAM3）。研究发现，在丁酸刺激后，HAM2 和 HAM3 中表皮生长因子 (EGF) 和转化生长因子 β1 (TGFβ1) 的 mRNA 表达分别增加。此外，EGF 和 TGFβ1 刺激导致各细胞系中层粘连蛋白 β-3 mRNA 表达增加。这些结果表明，丁酸可能通过成釉细胞瘤本身产生的 EGF 和 TGFβ1 表达层粘连蛋白 332 (LM332)，从而参与成釉细胞瘤恶化。