In this study, we evaluated the body fat distribution and fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues of Yangzhou geese, including thirty 60-day-old goslings (15 males and 15 females) and 20 320-day-old geese (10 males and 10 females). Adipose tissues of Yangzhou geese were distributed widely and could be divided into 5 types: subcutaneous fat, abdominal fat, sartorial fat, neck fat, and mesenteric fat. Higher contents of abdominal fat, sartorial fat, neck fat, and mesenteric fat but a lower content of subcutaneous fat were found in adult geese than in goslings (P ≤ 0.05). Adult female geese deposited more fat than adult male geese (P ≤ 0.05). No difference was found in the fat distribution and fat content between male and female goslings (P > 0.05). The breast muscle of adult geese was characterized by a higher content of total monounsaturated fatty acids (ΣMUFAs) and a lower content of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ΣPUFAs n-6) than that of goslings (P ≤ 0.05). Lower concentrations of total saturated fatty acids and ΣPUFA were found in adult female geese than in female goslings (P ≤ 0.05). In comparison with adult female geese, the breast muscle of adult male geese had higher total saturated fatty acids and stearic acid (P ≤ 0.05). For the thigh muscle, adult female geese had a higher ΣMUFAs content than adult male geese (P ≤ 0.05). In adipose tissues, adult geese had a higher Σn-6/Σn-3 ratio but had lower contents of erucic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, docosatetraenoic acid, and ΣPUFA n-3 than goslings, and adult female geese had a higher ΣMUFAs content than adult male geese (P ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, adult geese, especially adult female geese, accumulated more fat than goslings. Both age and sex affected the fatty acid composition of muscles and adipose tissues in geese. This research provides essential information not only for the nutritional evaluation of geese but also for the consumption and processing of goose products.

中文翻译：

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鹅体内脂肪分布及肌肉和脂肪组织的脂肪酸组成。


本研究对扬州鹅 30 只 60 日龄鹅（15 只雄性，15 只雌性）和 20 320 日龄鹅（10 只雄性和 10 只雌性）进行了体脂分布和肌肉和脂肪组织脂肪酸组成的评估。 10 名女性）。扬州鹅的脂肪组织分布广泛，可分为皮下脂肪、腹部脂肪、服装脂肪、颈部脂肪和肠系膜脂肪5种类型。成年鹅的腹部脂肪、服装脂肪、颈部脂肪和肠系膜脂肪含量高于小鹅，但皮下脂肪含量低于小鹅（P≤0.05）。成年母鹅比成年公鹅沉积更多的脂肪（P≤0.05）。雄性和雌性雏鹅的脂肪分布和脂肪含量均无差异（P > 0.05）。成年鹅胸肌的特点是总单不饱和脂肪酸（ΣMUFA）含量高于小鹅（P≤0.05），n-6多不饱和脂肪酸（ΣPUFAs n-6）含量较低（P≤0.05）。成年雌鹅的总饱和脂肪酸和ΣPUFA浓度低于雌鹅（P≤0.05）。与成年雌鹅相比，成年雄鹅胸肌的总饱和脂肪酸和硬脂酸含量较高（P≤0.05）。对于大腿肌肉，成年母鹅的ΣMUFAs含量高于成年公鹅（P≤0.05）。脂肪组织中，成年鹅的Σn-6/Σn-3比值较高，但芥酸、亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十二碳四烯酸和ΣPUFA n-3含量低于幼鹅，成年母鹅的ΣMUFAs较高含量高于成年雄鹅(P≤0.05)。总之，成年鹅，尤其是成年母鹅，比小鹅积累更多的脂肪。 年龄和性别都会影响鹅肌肉和脂肪组织的脂肪酸组成。该研究不仅为鹅的营养评价，而且为鹅产品的消费和加工提供了重要信息。