Methionine (Met), an essential amino acid in poultry diets, when overdosed may cause hyperhomocysteinemia, which is mainly a trigger for cardiovascular diseases in humans. Homocysteine is neutralized (remethylated) in the presence of folic acid (FA), which also plays an important role in hematopoiesis and participates in the synthesis of DNA, and its deficiencies may result in the development of neural tube defects. One of the basic tools in studying the impact of both xenobiotics and nutrients on the animal organism is hematological analysis. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of in ovo supplementation with Met and FA on the hematological parameters of broiler chickens. On the 17th day of incubation, embryonated eggs (Ross 308) were injected with 5 or 25 mg of Met per egg (M5 and M25), 3 and 15 mg of FA per egg (F3 and F15), or a mixture of these 2 compounds (M5/F3 and M25/F15). The broilers were reared in accordance with welfare regulations and fed with commercial diets ad libitum. Blood samples were collected on the first, seventh, and 35th day of rearing (D1, D7, and D35), and complete hematological analysis was performed. The observed changes in red blood cell parameters probably result from physiological changes occurring during bird growth. Mean erythrocyte volume decreased with the age of chickens in the control, M5, and M25 groups, but not in those supplied with FA. Among supplemented groups, the number of white blood cells on D1 was lower only in group M5 than in the sham (C) group. The analysis of leukograms showed no significant differences between the groups. Comparing D1 with D7 in the group injected with a higher dose of Met and FA (MF25/15), a statistically significant increase in the percentage of lymphocytes and a significant decrease in the percentage of heterophils were observed. In addition, in the group injected with a higher FA dose (F15), there was statistically significant reduction in the percentage of eosinophils and a significant increase in the percentage of monocytes at day 7 compared with day 1. It seems that Met supplementation led to temporary immunosuppression in the animals.

中文翻译：

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卵内蛋氨酸和叶酸对鸡（Gallus gallus domesticus）血液学参数的影响。

蛋氨酸（Met）是家禽日粮中的必需氨基酸，过量使用可能会引起高同型半胱氨酸血症，这主要是人类心血管疾病的诱因。同型半胱氨酸在叶酸（FA）存在下被中和（再甲基化），叶酸在造血作用中也起重要作用，并参与DNA的合成，其缺陷可能导致神经管缺陷的发展。血液学分析是研究异生素和营养素对动物有机体影响的基本工具之一。因此，本研究的目的是确定卵内补充Met和FA对肉鸡血液学参数的影响。在孵化的第17天，向胚卵（罗斯308）注射每个卵5或25 mg Met（M5和M25），每个卵3 mg和15 mg FA（F3和F15），或这两种化合物的混合物（M5 / F3和M25 / F15）。按照福利规定饲养肉鸡，并随意饲喂商业饲料。在饲养的第一天，第七天和第三十五天（D1，D7和D35）采集血样，并进行完整的血液学分析。观察到的红细胞参数变化可能是由于鸟类生长过程中发生的生理变化所致。在对照组，M5和M25组中，平均红细胞体积随鸡的年龄而降低，但在FA组中则没有。在补充组中，仅M5组的D1上的白细胞数量比假（C）组的要少。白细胞分析显示两组之间无显着差异。比较注射更高剂量的Met和FA（MF25 / 15）的组中的D1和D7，观察到淋巴细胞百分比的统计学显着增加和异嗜性百分比的显着下降。此外，与第1天相比，在第7天注射较高FA剂量（F15）的组中，嗜酸性粒细胞百分比显着降低，单核细胞百分比显着增加。动物中的暂时性免疫抑制。