Homeless young adults are more likely than their never-homeless counterparts to abuse substances and engage in sexual risk behaviors. This study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of OnTrack, a smartphone application to self-monitor substance use and sexual risk behaviors, plus a brief motivational intervention (BMI), in reducing substance use and sexual risk among homeless young adults. A randomized controlled pilot trial (N = 60) compared OnTrack + BMI to treatment as usual (TAU) at an inner-city crisis shelter for homeless young adults (aged 18-21 years). Participants were assessed at baseline and 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks after baseline to evaluate substance use and sexual risk behaviors. Kruskal-Wallis tests determined differences between baseline and postintervention assessments. Logistic regression models examined treatment effect on change in outcomes between baseline and postintervention follow-up assessment, controlling for baseline levels. Participants in OnTrack + BMI significantly reduced past 2-week number of drinks (p = .023), times used marijuana (p = .046), times engaged in unprotected sex (p = .012), and times used drugs before sexual activity (p = .019). No reductions of substance use or sexual risk behaviors were found among participants in TAU (all ps > .05). After adjusting for baseline levels of substance use and sexual risk, participants in OnTrack + BMI had significantly lower odds than those in TAU for drinking alcohol (adjusted OR = 0.14; p = .01) and having unprotected sex (adjusted OR = 0.151; p = .032). OnTrack + BMI is feasible and effective in reducing past 2-week alcohol use and unprotected sex among homeless young adults. A larger randomized trial is warranted to replicate and extend present results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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智能手机应用加上简短的动机干预可减少无家可归的年轻人的药物使用和性危险行为：随机对照试验的结果。

无家可归的年轻人比从未无家可归的年轻人更有可能滥用药物并从事危险的性行为。这项研究评估了 OnTrack 的可行性和初步有效性，OnTrack 是一款智能手机应用程序，用于自我监测药物使用和性风险行为，加上简短的动机干预 (BMI)，以减少无家可归的年轻人的药物使用和性风险。一项随机对照试点试验 (N = 60) 将 OnTrack + BMI 与在市中心无家可归的年轻人（18-21 岁）危机庇护所进行的常规治疗 (TAU) 进行了比较。参与者在基线以及基线后 2 周、4 周和 6 周进行评估，以评估物质使用和性风险行为。克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯测试确定了基线和干预后评估之间的差异。逻辑回归模型检查了治疗对基线和干预后随访评估之间结果变化的影响，控制了基线水平。OnTrack + BMI 参与者显着减少了过去 2 周的饮酒次数 (p = .023)、使用大麻的次数 (p = .046)、进行无保护性行为的次数 (p = .012) 以及性活动前使用药物的次数（p = .019）。TAU 参与者的物质使用或危险性行为并未减少（所有 ps > .05）。在调整物质使用和性风险的基线水平后，OnTrack + BMI 组的参与者饮酒（调整后 OR = 0.14；p = 0.01）和无保护性行为（调整后 OR = 0.151；p）的几率显着低于 TAU 组。 =.032）。OnTrack + BMI 对于减少无家可归年轻人过去 2 周的饮酒和无保护性行为是可行且有效的。有必要进行更大规模的随机试验来复制和扩展目前的结果。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。