Lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs) are widely used for rapid food safety screening analysis. Thanks to simplified protocols and smartphone readouts, LFIAs are expected to be increasingly used on-site, even by non-experts. As a typical follow-up in EU regulatory settings, suspect samples are sent to laboratories for confirmatory analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). However, re-analysis by LC-MS/MS is laborious and time-consuming. In this work, an identification LFIA (ID-LFIA) approach followed by quadrupole-orbitrap MS or triple quadrupole MS/MS analysis is presented. As a proof of concept, a dedicated ID-LFIA strip was developed for the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) following its initial screening by a commercial smartphone LFIA. The ID-LFIA strip can be simply immersed in the same sample extract used for the smartphone LFIA screening, and next, DON is retrieved from the monoclonal antibody with a dissociation solution consisting of methanol/ammonia. The solution thus obtained was analyzed directly in MS in order to rapidly confirm the presence of DON and any cross-reacting species. The protocol developed is capable of coping with severe ion suppression caused by LFIA buffers and nitrocellulose substrate residues. Initial analysis of blank, spiked, and incurred samples showed that the newly developed ID-LFIA-MS method was able to confirm the presence or absence of mycotoxins in the samples previously analyzed by LFIA and also differentiate between DON and DON 3-glucoside yielding the positive screening result. The concept and technique developed are envisaged to complement on-site screening and confirmation of any low molecular weight contaminant in future food control frameworks. Graphical abstract.

中文翻译：

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使用电喷雾电离质谱法直接分析脱氧雪腐酚的侧流免疫测定。

横向流动免疫测定法（LFIA）被广泛用于食品安全性快速筛查分析。由于简化了的协议和智能手机的读数，LFIA有望在现场越来越多地使用，即使是非专家也是如此。作为欧盟法规环境中的典型后续措施，可疑样品被送至实验室，以通过液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS / MS）进行确认分析。但是，通过LC-MS / MS进行重新分析既费力又费时。在这项工作中，提出了一种识别LFIA（ID-LFIA）方法，然后进行四极点轨道质谱或三重四极点MS / MS分析。作为概念验证，在商业智能手机LFIA对其进行初步筛选之后，针对霉菌毒素脱氧雪腐酚（DON）开发了专用的ID-LFIA试纸条。可以将ID-LFIA试纸简单地浸入用于智能手机LFIA筛选的相同样品提取物中，然后，用甲醇/氨水组成的解离溶液从单克隆抗体中回收DON。如此获得的溶液直接在MS中分析，以快速确认DON和任何交叉反应物种的存在。开发的协议能够应对由LFIA缓冲液和硝化纤维素底物残留引起的严重离子抑制。对空白样品，加标样品和实际样品的初步分析表明，新开发的ID-LFIA-MS方法能够确认先前由LFIA分析的样品中是否存在霉菌毒素，并且还能区分DON和DON 3-葡萄糖苷，从而得出阳性筛查结果。设想开发的概念和技术可以补充现场筛选和确认未来食品控制框架中任何低分子量污染物。图形概要。