It is now accepted that performing a cognitive task impacts postural control (Polskaia and Lajoie 2016; Vuillerme et al. Neurosci Lett 291: 77–80, 2000). However, the reverse impact of posture on cognitive performance is less documented. The present study investigated performance in two cognitive activities (memory and arithmetic) performed in three different postural conditions (sitting, standing, and walking). Overall, our data suggest that the posture adopted during a task can improve cognitive performance with a better answer for arithmetic in the sitting position than during walking but more correctly recalled words while walking. This study, thus, suggests that there could be preferential association between cognition and posture, i.e., memory cognitive performance can be improved when walking and mental arithmetic while sitting.

现在已经公认，执行认知任务会影响姿势控制（Polskaia和Lajoie，2016年； Vuillerme等人，Neurosci Lett 291：77-80，2000）。但是，关于姿势对认知能力的反向影响的文献较少。本研究调查了在三种不同姿势状态（坐着，站立和行走）下进行的两种认知活动（记忆和算术）的表现。总体而言，我们的数据表明，与走路相比，在任务中采用的姿势可以提高认知性能，并且对坐姿的算术有更好的回答，但走路时可以更正确地回忆单词。因此，这项研究表明，认知与姿势之间可能存在优先关联，即，行走时的记忆认知表现可以得到改善，而坐时的心算能力则可以得到改善。