Endothelium of blood vessels is continuously exposed to various hemodynamic forces. Flow-mediated epigenetic plasticity regulates vascular endothelial function. Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of mechanosensing-related epigenetics in localized endothelial dysfunction and the regional susceptibility for lesions in vascular diseases. In this article, we review the epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA de/methylation, histone modifications, as well as non-coding RNAs in promoting endothelial dysfunction in major arterial and venous diseases, consequent to hemodynamic alterations. We also discuss the current challenges and future prospects for the use of mechanoepigenetic mediators as biomarkers of early stages of vascular diseases and dysregulated mechanosensing-related epigenetic regulators as therapeutic targets in various vascular diseases.

中文翻译：

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血管疾病发病机制中血流动力学介导的表观遗传调节因子。

血管内皮持续暴露于各种血流动力学力下。血流介导的表观遗传可塑性调节血管内皮功能。最近的研究强调了机械传感相关的表观遗传学在局部内皮功能障碍和血管疾病病变的区域易感性中的重要作用。在本文中，我们回顾了在主要动脉和静脉疾病中血流动力学改变导致内皮功能障碍的表观遗传机制，例如 DNA 去/甲基化、组蛋白修饰以及非编码 RNA。我们还讨论了使用机械表观遗传介质作为血管疾病早期生物标志物和失调的机械传感相关表观遗传调节剂作为各种血管疾病的治疗靶点的当前挑战和未来前景。