If the resources used to wage wars could be spent elsewhere and save more lives, does this mean that wars are unjustified? This article considers this question, which has been largely overlooked by Just War Theorists and pacifists. It focuses on whether the opportunity costs of war lead to a form of pacifism, which it calls ‘Opportunity Costs Pacifism’. The article argues that Opportunity Costs Pacifism is, at the more ideal level, compelling. It suggests that the only plausible response to Opportunity Costs Pacifism applies in highly nonideal circumstances. This has major implications for Just War Theory and pacifism since it is only at the highly nonideal level that war can be justified.

中文翻译：

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机会成本和平主义

如果用于发动战争的资源可以花在其他地方，挽救更多生命，这是否意味着战争是不合理的？这篇文章考虑了这个问题，这个问题在很大程度上被正义战争理论家和和平主义者所忽视。它关注战争的机会成本是否会导致某种形式的和平主义，它称之为“机会成本和平主义”。文章认为，机会成本和平主义在更理想的层面上是令人信服的。它表明，对机会成本和平主义的唯一合理回应适用于高度非理想的情况。这对正义战争理论和和平主义具有重大意义，因为只有在高度非理想的层面上，战争才能被证明是正当的。