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An Instrumental Variable Estimator for Mixed Indicators: Analytic Derivatives and Alternative Parameterizations
Psychometrika ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s11336-020-09721-6
Zachary F Fisher 1 , Kenneth A Bollen 1
Affiliation  

Methodological development of the model-implied instrumental variable (MIIV) estimation framework has proved fruitful over the last three decades. Major milestones include Bollen's (Psychometrika 61(1):109-121, 1996) original development of the MIIV estimator and its robustness properties for continuous endogenous variable SEMs, the extension of the MIIV estimator to ordered categorical endogenous variables (Bollen and Maydeu-Olivares in Psychometrika 72(3):309, 2007), and the introduction of a generalized method of moments estimator (Bollen et al., in Psychometrika 79(1):20-50, 2014). This paper furthers these developments by making several unique contributions not present in the prior literature: (1) we use matrix calculus to derive the analytic derivatives of the PIV estimator, (2) we extend the PIV estimator to apply to any mixture of binary, ordinal, and continuous variables, (3) we generalize the PIV model to include intercepts and means, (4) we devise a method to input known threshold values for ordinal observed variables, and (5) we enable a general parameterization that permits the estimation of means, variances, and covariances of the underlying variables to use as input into a SEM analysis with PIV. An empirical example illustrates a mixture of continuous variables and ordinal variables with fixed thresholds. We also include a simulation study to compare the performance of this novel estimator to WLSMV.

中文翻译:

混合指标的工具变量估计:解析导数和替代参数化

模型隐含工具变量 (MIIV) 估计框架的方法学发展在过去的三十年中证明是卓有成效的。主要里程碑包括 Bollen (Psychometrika 61(1):109-121, 1996) MIIV 估计器的原始开发及其对连续内生变量 SEM 的稳健性,MIIV 估计器扩展到有序分类内生变量(Bollen 和 Maydeu-Olivares在 Psychometrika 72(3):309, 2007)中,并引入了一种广义的矩估计方法(Bollen 等人,在 Psychometrika 79(1):20-50, 2014)。本文通过做出一些先前文献中没有的独特贡献来进一步推动这些发展:(1)我们使用矩阵微积分来推导 PIV 估计器的解析导数,(2) 我们将 PIV 估计器扩展为适用于二进制、有序和连续变量的任何混合,(3) 我们将 PIV 模型推广到包括截距和均值,(4) 我们设计一种方法来输入已知的序数阈值观察到的变量,以及 (5) 我们启用了一般参数化,允许估计基础变量的均值、方差和协方差,以用作使用 PIV 进行 SEM 分析的输入。一个经验示例说明了具有固定阈值的连续变量和有序变量的混合。我们还包括一项模拟研究,以比较这种新型估计器与 WLSMV 的性能。(5) 我们启用了一般参数化,允许估计基础变量的均值、方差和协方差,以用作 PIV 的 SEM 分析的输入。一个经验示例说明了具有固定阈值的连续变量和有序变量的混合。我们还包括一项模拟研究,以比较这种新型估计器与 WLSMV 的性能。(5) 我们启用了一般参数化,允许估计基础变量的均值、方差和协方差,以用作 PIV 的 SEM 分析的输入。一个经验示例说明了具有固定阈值的连续变量和有序变量的混合。我们还包括一项模拟研究,以比较这种新型估计器与 WLSMV 的性能。
更新日期:2020-08-24
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