Purpose A normative study using the Multiple Auditory Processing Assessment-2 (MAPA-2; Schow et al., 2018) was recently completed. With access to these data, the authors extend that work and support a definite construct for auditory processing disorder (APD). The goal here is to examine MAPA-2 reliability and validity (construct, content, and concurrent). Evidence for the APD construct is further buttressed by measures of sensitivity and specificity. Results of MAPA-2 testing on children diagnosed with learning disability (LD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and specific language impairment (SLI) are included. Method Normative data (previously published as the MAPA-2) allowing derivation of these findings included a representative sample of 748 children (53% girls) ages 7-14 years tested by 54 speech-language pathologists and audiologists in 27 U.S. states. The authors examined diagnostic accuracy based on the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (2005) criteria (index test) for confirmed cases of APD. The index was also used to identify listening problems for three other diagnostic categories (LD, ADHD, and SLI). Validated questionnaire responses from parents and school personnel allowed incorporation of functional measures widely supported in APD diagnosis but unavailable with other normative and sensitivity/specificity studies. Results Reliability and validity were both satisfactory, and diagnostic accuracy for an APD group of 18 (28% female) compared to the remaining typical group of 625 yielded 89% sensitivity and 82% specificity. The remaining three groups (LD, ADHD, and SLI), where comorbidity was expected to be about 50%, had APD-type listening problems with a prevalence ranging from 52% to 65%. Conclusions Current results provide important evidence for the construct of APD. The MAPA-2 can be administered by an audiologist or speech-language pathologist. A similar diagnostic protocol in Australia yielded positive therapeutic gains. Further study is encouraged to determine if the present positive findings will be found in future research.

中文翻译：

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多重听觉处理评估2的有效性：听觉处理障碍的测试。

目的最近完成了一项使用多重听觉处理评估2（MAPA-2; Schow et al。，2018）的规范性研究。通过访问这些数据，作者扩展了这项工作，并为听觉加工障碍（APD）提供了明确的结构。这里的目标是检查MAPA-2的可靠性和有效性（构造，内容和并发性）。APD构建体的证据通过敏感性和特异性的度量得到进一步支持。包括对诊断为学习障碍（LD），注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）和特定语言障碍（SLI）的儿童进行MAPA-2测试的结果。方法允许得出这些发现的标准数据（先前以MAPA-2出版）包括由美国27个州的54位语言病理学家和听力学家测试的7-14岁的748名儿童（53％的女孩）的代表性样本。作者根据美国语音语言协会（2005）的标准（索引测试）检查了APD确诊病例的诊断准确性。该索引还用于识别其他三个诊断类别（LD，ADHD和SLI）的听力问题。经过家长和学校人员验证的问卷调查答复，可以纳入功能性措施，这些功能性措施在APD诊断中得到了广泛支持，但是在其他规范性研究和敏感性/特异性研究中却无法获得。结果信度和效度均令人满意，与18个APD组（女性占28％）相比，APD组的诊断准确性更高，灵敏度为89％，特异性为82％。其余三组（LD，ADHD和SLI）的合并症预计约为50％，其APD型听力问题的发生率在52％至65％之间。结论目前的结果为APD的构建提供了重要的证据。MAPA-2可以由听力学家或言语病理学家进行管理。在澳大利亚，类似的诊断方法产生了积极的治疗效果。鼓励进行进一步的研究以确定当前的积极发现是否会在未来的研究中找到。患有APD类型的听力问题，患病率为52％至65％。结论目前的结果为APD的构建提供了重要的证据。MAPA-2可以由听力学家或言语病理学家进行管理。在澳大利亚，类似的诊断方法产生了积极的治疗效果。鼓励进行进一步的研究以确定当前的积极发现是否会在未来的研究中找到。患有APD类型的听力问题，患病率为52％至65％。结论目前的结果为APD的构建提供了重要的证据。MAPA-2可以由听力学家或言语病理学家进行管理。在澳大利亚，类似的诊断方法产生了积极的治疗效果。鼓励进行进一步的研究以确定当前的积极发现是否会在未来的研究中找到。